The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP45 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܐܡܪ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
λεγειP45 | He was saying | ἔλεγεν | He was saying | — | | | ait | dicebat | He was saying | ܠܗܘܢ | He was saying | ἔλεγεν | He was saying | |||||
αυτοισP45 | to them; | αὐτοῖς· | to them; | αυτοις | | | illis | eis | to them; | ܐܝܟܘ | to them; | αὐτοῖς | to them; | |||||
πωσP45 | Not yet | οὔπω | Not yet | — | | | quomodo | Quomodo | Not yet | ܠܐ | Not yet | Πῶς | Not yet | |||||
ουπωP45 | how | πῶς | how | πως | | | non | nondum | how | ܥܕܡܐ | how | οὐ | how | |||||
συνειετεP45 | do you understand? | συνίετε;¶ | do you understand? | — | | | intellexitis | intelligitis | do you understand? | ܠܗܫܐ | do you understand? | συνίετε | do you understand? | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||