The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Cumque | And | ܘܟܕ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἐξελθόντων | when were exiting | εξελθοντων | | | egredientibus | egressi | when were exiting | ܢܦܩܘ | when were exiting | ἐξελθόντων | when were exiting | ||||||
| — | αὐτῶν | they | αυτων | | | — | essent | they | ܡܢ | they | αὐτῶν | they | ||||||
| — | ἐκ | out of | εκ | | | de | de | out of | ܤܦܝܢܬܐ | out of | ἐκ | out of | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | the | του | | | illis | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | the | ||||||
| — | πλοίου | boat | πλοιου | | | naui | navi | boat | ܫܥܬܗ | boat | πλοίου | boat | ||||||
| — | εὐθὺς | immediately | — | | | continuo | continuo | immediately | ܐܤܬܟܠܘܗܝ | immediately | εὐθέως | immediately | ||||||
| — | ἐπιγνόντες | having recognized | — | | | cognouerunt | cognoverunt | having recognized | ܐܢܫܝ | having recognized | ἐπιγνόντες | having recognized | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | Him | αυτον | | | eum | eum | Him | ܐܬܪܐ | Him | αὐτόν | Him | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 7:3 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||