The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܐܡܪ | And | Ἔλεγεν | And | ||||||
| — | ἔλεγεν | was saying | ελεγεν | | | dicebat | dicebat | was saying | — | — | δὲ | was saying | ||||||
| — | δὲ | now | — | | | illis | illis | now | ܕܝܢ | but | αὐτοῖς | now | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῖς | to them | αυτοις | | | ihs | Jesus | to them | — | — | ὁ | to them | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | genere | — | — | — | — | Ἰησοῦς | <the> | ||||||
| — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | quia | Quia | Jesus | ܝܫܘܥ | Jesus | ὅτι | Jesus | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | non | non | that | — | — | Οὐκ | that | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | Not | ουκ | | | est | est | Not | ܠܝܬ | Not | ἔστιν | Not | ||||||
| — | ἔστιν | is | εστιν | | | propheta | propheta | is | — | — | προφήτης | is | ||||||
| — | προφήτης | a prophet | προφητης | | | sine | sine | a prophet | ܢܒܝܐ | a prophet | ἄτιμος | a prophet | ||||||
| — | ἄτιμος | without honor | ατιμος | | | honore | honore | without honor | — | — | εἰ | without honor | ||||||
| — | εἰ | only | ει | | | nisi | nisi | only | ܕܨܥܝܪ | only | μὴ | only | ||||||
| — | μὴ | except | μη | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἐν | except | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | in | in | in | ܐܠܐ | in | τῇ | in | ||||||
| — | τῇ | the | τη | | | — | — | — | — | — | πατρίδι | the | ||||||
| — | πατρίδι | hometown | πατριδι | | | patria | patria | hometown | — | — | αὐτοῦ | hometown | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ | of him | αυτου | | | sua | sua | of him | ܐܢ | of him | καὶ | of him | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | — | — | ἐν | and | ||||||
| — | ἐν | among | εν | | | in | in | among | ܒܡܕܝܢܬܗ | among | τοῖς | among | ||||||
| — | τοῖς | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | συγγενέσιν | the | ||||||
| — | συγγενεῦσιν | relatives | — | | | domo | domo | relatives | — | — | καὶ | relatives | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ | of him | — | | | sua | sua | of him | ܘܒܝܬ | of him | ἐν | of him | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | — | — | τῇ | and | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | in | in | in | ܐܚܝܢܘܗܝ | in | οἰκίᾳ | in | ||||||
| — | τῇ | the | τη | | | — | — | — | — | — | αὐτοῦ | the | ||||||
| — | οἰκίᾳ | household | οικια | | | — | cognatione | household | — | — | οἰκίᾳ | household | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ. | of him. | αυτου | | | sua | sua | of him. | ܘܒܒܝܬܗ | of him. | αὐτοῦ. | of him. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 6:15 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||