The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP45 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܗܘܬ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
γινεταιP45 | comes | γίνεται | comes | — | | | facta | facta | comes | ܥܠܥܠܐ | comes | γίνεται | comes | |||||
λαιλαψP45 | a storm | λαῖλαψ | a storm | λαιλαψ | | | est | est | a storm | — | — | λαῖλαψ | a storm | |||||
μεγαληP45 | violent | μεγάλη | violent | μεγαλη | | | procella | procella | violent | ܪܒܬܐ | violent | ἀνέμου | violent | |||||
ανεμουP45 | of wind | ἀνέμου, | of wind | ανεμου | | | magna | magna | of wind | ܘܪܘܚܐ | of wind | μεγάλη | of wind | |||||
καιP45 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | uenti | venti | And | — | — | τὰ | And | |||||
ταP45 | the | τὰ | the | τα | | | inpleret | — | — | — | — | δὲ | the | |||||
κυματαP45 | now | δὲ | now | — | | | et | et | now | ܕܝܢ | but | κύματα | now | |||||
επεβαλλενP45 | waves | κύματα | waves | κυματα | | | fluctus | fluctus | waves | ܢܦܠܝܢ | waves | ἐπέβαλλεν | waves | |||||
εισP45 | were breaking | ἐπέβαλλεν | were breaking | — | | | mittebat | mittebat | were breaking | ܗܘܘ | were breaking | εἰς | were breaking | |||||
τοP45 | over | εἰς | over | εις | | | in | in | over | — | — | τὸ | over | |||||
πλοιονP45 | the | τὸ | the | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | πλοῖον | the | |||||
ωστεP45 | boat | πλοῖον | boat | πλοιον | | | naui | navim | boat | ܒܤܦܝܢܬܐ | boat | ὥστε | boat | |||||
ηδηP45 | so that | ὥστε | so that | ωστε | | | ita | ita | so that | ܘܩܪܝܒܐ | so that | αὐτὸ | so that | |||||
γεμιζεσθαιP45 | already | ἤδη | already | ηδη | | | ut | ut | already | — | — | ἤδη | already | |||||
τοP45 | is being filled up | γεμίζεσθαι | is being filled up | γεμειζεσθαι | | | — | impleretur | is being filled up | ܗܘܬ | is being filled up | γεμίζεσθαι | is being filled up | |||||
πλοιονP45 | the | τὸ | the | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | |||||
πλοῖον.P45 | boat. | πλοῖον. | boat. | πλοιον | | | nauem | navis | boat. | ܕܬܬܡܠܐ | boat. | πλοῖον. | boat. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||