Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܡܐ	and	καὶ	and
		—	ὅταν	when	—	\|	caeli	cum	when	ܕܐܙܕܪܥܬ	when	ὅταν	when
		—	σπαρῇ,	it may be sown,	—	\|	—	seminatum	it may be sown,	—	—	σπαρῇ	it may be sown,
		—	ἀναβαίνει	it grows up	—	\|	—	fuerit	it grows up	ܤܠܩܐ	it grows up	ἀναβαίνει	it grows up
		—	καὶ	and	—	\|	—	ascendit	and	ܘܗܘܝܐ	and	καὶ	and
		—	γίνεται	becomes	γεινεται	\|	et	et	becomes	ܪܒܐ	becomes	γίνεται	becomes
		—	μεῖζον	greater	—	\|	fit	fit	greater	—	—	πάντων	greater
		—	πάντων	than all	παντων	\|	maior	majus	than all	ܡܢ	than all	τῶν	than all
		—	τῶν	the	των	\|	—	—	—	—	—	λαχάνων	the
		—	λαχάνων	garden plants	λαχανων	\|	omnibus	omnibus	garden plants	ܟܠܗܘܢ	garden plants	μείζων	garden plants
		—	καὶ	and	και	\|	oleribus	oleribus	and	ܝܪܩܘܢܐ	and	καὶ	and
		—	ποιεῖ	it produces	ποιει	\|	—	et	it produces	—	—	ποιεῖ	it produces
		—	κλάδους	branches	κλαδους	\|	facit	facit	branches	ܘܥܒܕܐ	branches	κλάδους	branches
		—	μεγάλους	great	μεγαλους	\|	ramos	ramos	great	ܤܘܟܐ	great	μεγάλους	great
		—	ὥστε	so that	ωστε	\|	magnos	magnos	so that	ܪܘܪܒܬܐ	so that	ὥστε	so that
		—	δύνασθαι	to be able	δυνασθαι	\|	ita	ita	to be able	—	—	δύνασθαι	to be able
		—	ὑπὸ	under	ϋπο	\|	ut	ut	under	ܐܝܟ	under	ὑπὸ	under
		—	τὴν	the	την	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὴν	the
		—	σκιὰν	shadow	σκειαν	\|	possint	possint	shadow	ܕܬܫܟܚ	shadow	σκιὰν	shadow
		—	αὐτοῦ	of it	αυτου	\|	sub	sub	of it	ܕܒܛܠܠܗ	of it	αὐτοῦ	of it
		—	τὰ	the	τα	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὰ	the
		—	πετεινὰ	birds	πετεινα	\|	umbra	umbra	birds	—	—	πετεινὰ	birds
		—	τοῦ	of the	του	\|	inhabitare	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	of the
		—	οὐρανοῦ	air	ουρανου	\|	eius	ejus	air	ܦܪܚܬܐ	air	οὐρανοῦ	air
		—	κατασκηνοῦν.¶	to perch.	κατασκηνουν	\|	aues	aves	to perch.	ܬܫܟܢ	to perch.	κατασκηνοῦν	to perch.
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Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܘܡܐ	and	καὶ	and
	—	ὅταν	when	—	\|	caeli	cum	when	ܕܐܙܕܪܥܬ	when	ὅταν	when
	—	σπαρῇ,	it may be sown,	—	\|	—	seminatum	it may be sown,	—	—	σπαρῇ	it may be sown,
	—	ἀναβαίνει	it grows up	—	\|	—	fuerit	it grows up	ܤܠܩܐ	it grows up	ἀναβαίνει	it grows up
	—	καὶ	and	—	\|	—	ascendit	and	ܘܗܘܝܐ	and	καὶ	and
	—	γίνεται	becomes	γεινεται	\|	et	et	becomes	ܪܒܐ	becomes	γίνεται	becomes
	—	μεῖζον	greater	—	\|	fit	fit	greater	—	—	πάντων	greater
	—	πάντων	than all	παντων	\|	maior	majus	than all	ܡܢ	than all	τῶν	than all
	—	τῶν	the	των	\|	—	—	—	—	—	λαχάνων	the
	—	λαχάνων	garden plants	λαχανων	\|	omnibus	omnibus	garden plants	ܟܠܗܘܢ	garden plants	μείζων	garden plants
	—	καὶ	and	και	\|	oleribus	oleribus	and	ܝܪܩܘܢܐ	and	καὶ	and
	—	ποιεῖ	it produces	ποιει	\|	—	et	it produces	—	—	ποιεῖ	it produces
	—	κλάδους	branches	κλαδους	\|	facit	facit	branches	ܘܥܒܕܐ	branches	κλάδους	branches
	—	μεγάλους	great	μεγαλους	\|	ramos	ramos	great	ܤܘܟܐ	great	μεγάλους	great
	—	ὥστε	so that	ωστε	\|	magnos	magnos	so that	ܪܘܪܒܬܐ	so that	ὥστε	so that
	—	δύνασθαι	to be able	δυνασθαι	\|	ita	ita	to be able	—	—	δύνασθαι	to be able
	—	ὑπὸ	under	ϋπο	\|	ut	ut	under	ܐܝܟ	under	ὑπὸ	under
	—	τὴν	the	την	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὴν	the
	—	σκιὰν	shadow	σκειαν	\|	possint	possint	shadow	ܕܬܫܟܚ	shadow	σκιὰν	shadow
	—	αὐτοῦ	of it	αυτου	\|	sub	sub	of it	ܕܒܛܠܠܗ	of it	αὐτοῦ	of it
	—	τὰ	the	τα	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὰ	the
	—	πετεινὰ	birds	πετεινα	\|	umbra	umbra	birds	—	—	πετεινὰ	birds
	—	τοῦ	of the	του	\|	inhabitare	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	of the
	—	οὐρανοῦ	air	ουρανου	\|	eius	ejus	air	ܦܪܚܬܐ	air	οὐρανοῦ	air
	—	κατασκηνοῦν.¶	to perch.	κατασκηνουν	\|	aues	aves	to perch.	ܬܫܟܢ	to perch.	κατασκηνοῦν	to perch.
Next Verse Available
See 65 Earliest Papyri

Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

—

καὶ

and

και

and

ܘܡܐ

and

καὶ

and

—

ὅταν

when

—

caeli

cum

when

ܕܐܙܕܪܥܬ

when

ὅταν

when

—

σπαρῇ,

it may be sown,

—

seminatum

it may be sown,

—

σπαρῇ

it may be sown,

—

ἀναβαίνει

it grows up

—

fuerit

it grows up

ܤܠܩܐ

it grows up

ἀναβαίνει

it grows up

—

καὶ

and

—

ascendit

and

ܘܗܘܝܐ

and

καὶ

and

—

γίνεται

becomes

γεινεται

becomes

ܪܒܐ

becomes

γίνεται

becomes

—

μεῖζον

greater

—

fit

greater

—

πάντων

greater

—

πάντων

than all

παντων

maior

majus

than all

ܡܢ

than all

τῶν

than all

—

τῶν

the

των

—

λαχάνων

the

—

λαχάνων

garden plants

λαχανων

omnibus

garden plants

ܟܠܗܘܢ

garden plants

μείζων

garden plants

—

καὶ

and

και

oleribus

and

ܝܪܩܘܢܐ

and

καὶ

and

—

ποιεῖ

it produces

ποιει

—

it produces

—

ποιεῖ

it produces

—

κλάδους

branches

κλαδους

facit

branches

ܘܥܒܕܐ

branches

κλάδους

branches

—

μεγάλους

great

μεγαλους

ramos

great

ܤܘܟܐ

great

μεγάλους

great

—

ὥστε

so that

ωστε

magnos

so that

ܪܘܪܒܬܐ

so that

ὥστε

so that

—

δύνασθαι

to be able

δυνασθαι

ita

to be able

—

δύνασθαι

to be able

—

ὑπὸ

under

ϋπο

under

ܐܝܟ

under

ὑπὸ

under

—

τὴν

the

την

—

τὴν

the

—

σκιὰν

shadow

σκειαν

possint

shadow

ܕܬܫܟܚ

shadow

σκιὰν

shadow

—

αὐτοῦ

of it

αυτου

sub

of it

ܕܒܛܠܠܗ

of it

αὐτοῦ

of it

—

τὰ

the

τα

—

τὰ

the

—

πετεινὰ

birds

πετεινα

umbra

birds

—

πετεινὰ

birds

—

τοῦ

of the

του

inhabitare

—

τοῦ

of the

—

οὐρανοῦ

air

ουρανου

eius

ejus

air

ܦܪܚܬܐ

air

οὐρανοῦ

air

—

κατασκηνοῦν.¶

to perch.

κατασκηνουν

aues

aves

to perch.

ܬܫܟܢ

to perch.

κατασκηνοῦν

to perch.

Next Verse Available

See 65 Earliest Papyri

Mark 4:32

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Mark 4:32

Translation Lineage