The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܗܢܘܢ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | οὗτοί | these | ουτοι | | | hi | hi | these | ܕܥܠ | these | οὗτοί | these | ||||||
| — | εἰσιν | are | εισιν | | | sunt | sunt | are | — | — | εἰσιν | are | ||||||
| — | ὁμοίως | likewise | — | | | excipiunt | similiter | likewise | ܫܘܥܐ | likewise | ὁμοίως | likewise | ||||||
| — | οἱ | those | οι | | | illud | — | — | — | — | οἱ | those | ||||||
| — | ἐπὶ | upon | επει | | | qui | qui | upon | ܐܙܕܪܥܘ | upon | ἐπὶ | upon | ||||||
| — | τὰ | the | τα | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὰ | the | ||||||
| — | πετρώδη | rocky places | πετρωδης | | | super | super | rocky places | ܗܠܝܢ | rocky places | πετρώδη | rocky places | ||||||
| — | σπειρόμενοι, | sown, | σπειρομενοι | | | petrosa | petrosa | sown, | ܐܢܘܢ | sown, | σπειρόμενοι | sown, | ||||||
| — | οἳ | who | οι | | | seminantur | — | — | — | — | οἵ | who | ||||||
| — | ὅταν | when | οταν | | | qui | qui | when | ܕܡܐ | when | ὅταν | when | ||||||
| — | ἀκούσωσιν | they may hear | ακουσωσιν | | | cum | cum | they may hear | ܕܫܡܥܘ | they may hear | ἀκούσωσιν | they may hear | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | ||||||
| — | λόγον, | word, | λογον | | | audierint | audierint | word, | ܡܠܬܐ | word, | λόγον | word, | ||||||
| — | εὐθὺς | immediately | — | | | uerbum | verbum | immediately | ܡܚܕܐ | immediately | εὐθέως | immediately | ||||||
| — | μετὰ | with | μετα | | | — | statim | with | — | — | μετὰ | with | ||||||
| — | χαρᾶς | joy | χαρας | | | cum | cum | joy | ܒܚܕܘܬܐ | joy | χαρᾶς | joy | ||||||
| — | λαμβάνουσιν | receive | λαμβανουσιν | | | gaudio | gaudio | receive | ܡܩܒܠܝܢ | receive | λαμβάνουσιν | receive | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | it | αυτον | | | — | accipiunt | it | ܠܗ | it | αὐτόν | it | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 4:33 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||