The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | οὗτοι | These | ουτοι | | | hi | Hi | These | ܗܠܝܢ | These | Οὗτοι | These | ||||||
| — | δέ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δέ | now | ||||||
| — | εἰσιν | are | εισιν | | | sunt | sunt | are | ܕܥܠ | are | εἰσιν | are | ||||||
| — | οἱ | they | οι | | | in | — | — | — | — | οἱ | they | ||||||
| — | παρὰ | along | παρα | | | qui | qui | along | ܝܕ | along | παρὰ | along | ||||||
| — | τὴν | the | την | | | corda | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | ||||||
| — | ὁδὸν | road | οδον | | | circa | circa | road | ܐܘܪܚܐ | road | ὁδόν | road | ||||||
| — | ὅπου | where | — | | | uiam | viam | where | ܗܠܝܢ | where | ὅπου | where | ||||||
| — | σπείρεται | is sown | σπειρεται | | | quibus | ubi | is sown | ܐܢܘܢ | is sown | σπείρεται | is sown | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | e | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | ||||||
| — | λόγος, | word, | λογος | | | seminatur | seminatur | word, | ܕܡܙܕܪܥܐ | word, | λόγος | word, | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | uerbum | verbum | and | ܒܗܘܢ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | ὅταν | when | οταν | | | et | et | when | ܡܠܬܐ | when | ὅταν | when | ||||||
| — | ἀκούσωσιν, | they may hear, | — | | | cum | cum | they may hear, | — | — | ἀκούσωσιν | they may hear, | ||||||
| — | εὐθὺς | immediately | — | | | audierint | audierint | immediately | ܘܡܐ | immediately | εὐθέως | immediately | ||||||
| — | ἔρχεται | comes | ερχεται | | | — | confestim | comes | ܕܫܡܥܘ | comes | ἔρχεται | comes | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | σατανᾶς | Satan | σατανας | | | uenit | venit | Satan | ܡܚܕܐ | Satan | Σατανᾶς | Satan | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | satanas | Satanas | and | ܐܬܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | αἴρει | takes away | — | | | et | et | takes away | ܤܛܢܐ | takes away | αἴρει | takes away | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | τον | | | statim | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | ||||||
| — | λόγον | word | λογον | | | auferet | aufert | word | ܘܫܩܠ | word | λόγον | word | ||||||
| — | τὸν | <the> | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | <the> | ||||||
| — | ἐσπαρμένον | sown | εσπαρμενον | | | uerbum | verbum | sown | ܠܗ | sown | ἐσπαρμένον | sown | ||||||
| — | εἰς | in | — | | | quod | quod | in | ܠܡܠܬܐ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | ταῖς | <the> | ταις | | | orum | — | — | — | — | ταῖς | <the> | ||||||
| — | καρδίαις | hearts | καρδιαις | | | seminatum | seminatum | hearts | ܕܙܪܝܥܐ | hearts | καρδίαις | hearts | ||||||
| — | αὐτούς. | them. | — | | | est | est | them. | ܒܠܒܗܘܢ | them. | αὐτῶν | them. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 4:33 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||