The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ὅτι | For | οτι | | | quoniam | Quoniam | For | ܡܛܠ | For | Ὅτι | For | ||||||
| — | ἔλεγον· | they were saying; | ελεγον | | | dicebant | dicebant | they were saying; | ܕܐܡܪܝܢ | they were saying; | ἔλεγον | they were saying; | ||||||
| — | πνεῦμα | A spirit | πνα | | | spm | Spiritum | A spirit | ܗܘܘ | A spirit | Πνεῦμα | A spirit | ||||||
| — | ἀκάθαρτον | unclean | ακαθαρτον | | | immundum | immundum | unclean | ܕܪܘܚܐ | unclean | ἀκάθαρτον | unclean | ||||||
| — | ἔχει.¶ | he has. | — | | | habere | habet | he has. | ܛܢܦܬܐ | he has. | ἔχει | he has. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 4:33 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||