The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Ἀμὴν | Amen | αμην | | | amen | Amen | Amen | ܐܡܝܢ | truly | Ἀμὴν | Amen | ||||||
| — | λέγω | I say | λεγω | | | dico | dico | I say | ܐܡܪ | I say | λέγω | I say | ||||||
| — | ὑμῖν | to you | ϋμειν | | | uobis | vobis | to you | ܐܢܐ | to you | ὑμῖν | to you | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | quoniam | quoniam | that | — | — | ὅτι | that | ||||||
| — | πάντα | all | παντα | | | omnia | omnia | all | ܠܟܘܢ | all | πάντα | all | ||||||
| — | ἀφεθήσεται | will be forgiven | — | | | dimittuntur | dimittentur | will be forgiven | ܕܟܠܗܘܢ | will be forgiven | ἀφεθήσεται | will be forgiven | ||||||
| — | τοῖς | to the | τοις | | | quaecumquae | — | — | — | — | τὰ | to the | ||||||
| — | υἱοῖς | sons | ϋιοις | | | — | — | — | ܚܛܗܐ | sons | ἁμαρτήματα | sons | ||||||
| — | τῶν | <the> | των | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῖς | <the> | ||||||
| — | ἀνθρώπων | of men | ανθρωπων | | | filiis | filiis | of men | ܘܓܘܕܦܐ | of men | υἱοῖς | of men | ||||||
| — | τὰ | the | τα | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | the | ||||||
| — | ἁμαρτήματα | sins | αμαρτηματα | | | hominum | hominum | sins | ܕܢܓܕܦܘܢ | sins | ἀνθρώπων | sins | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | peccata | peccata | and | ܒܢܝ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | αἱ | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | βλασφημίαι | the | ||||||
| — | βλασφημίαι | blasphemies | βλασφημιαι | | | et | et | blasphemies | — | — | ὅσας | blasphemies | ||||||
| — | ὅσα | as much as | οσα | | | blasphemiae | blasphemiæ | as much as | ܐܢܫܐ | as much as | ἂν | as much as | ||||||
| — | ἐὰν | if | — | | | — | quibus | if | ܢܫܬܒܩܘܢ | if | βλασφημήσωσιν | if | ||||||
| — | βλασφημήσωσιν· | they shall have blasphemed; | βλασφημησωσιν | | | blasphemauerint | blasphemaverint | they shall have blasphemed; | ܠܗܘܢ | they shall have blasphemed; | βλασφημήσωσιν· | they shall have blasphemed; | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 4:33 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||