The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ἡ | <the> | η | | | iacobi | — | — | — | — | Ἡ | <the> | ||||||
| — | δὲ | And | δε | | | maria | Maria | And | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | And | ||||||
| — | Μαρία | Mary | μαρια | | | autem | autem | Mary | ܕܝܢ | Mary | Μαρία | Mary | ||||||
| — | ἡ | <the> | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἡ | <the> | ||||||
| — | Μαγδαληνὴ | Magdalene | μαγδαληνη | | | Magdalene | Magdalene | Magdalene | ܡܓܕܠܝܬܐ | Magdalene | Μαγδαληνὴ | Magdalene | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܡܪܝܡ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | Μαρία | Mary | μαρια | | | maria | Maria | Mary | ܗܝ | Mary | Μαρία | Mary | ||||||
| — | ἡ | the mother | — | | | notauerunt | — | — | — | — | Ἰωσῆ | the mother | ||||||
| — | Ἰωσῆτος | of Joses | — | | | — | Joseph | of Joses | ܕܝܘܤܐ | of Joses | ἐθεώρουν | of Joses | ||||||
| — | ἐθεώρουν | were watching | — | | | locum | aspiciebant | were watching | ܚܙܝ | were watching | ποῦ | were watching | ||||||
| — | ποῦ | where | — | | | ubi | ubi | where | ܐܝܟܐ | where | τίθεται | where | ||||||
| — | τέθειται.¶ | He has been laid. | τεθειται | | | poneretur | poneretur | He has been laid. | ܕܐܬܬܤܝܡ | He has been laid. | τέθειται.¶ | He has been laid. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||