The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | and | ܘܐܡܪ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | ἔλεγεν· | He was saying; | ελεγεν | | | dixit | dixit | said | ܐܒܐ | He was saying; | ἔλεγεν | He was saying; | ||||||
| — | αββα, | Abba, | αββα | | | abba | Abba | ? | ܐܒܝ | Abba, | Ἀββᾶ | Abba, | ||||||
| — | ὁ | O | ο | | | tu | — | — | — | — | ὁ | O | ||||||
| — | πατήρ, | Father, | πατηρ | | | pater | pater | father | — | — | πατήρ | Father, | ||||||
| — | πάντα | all things are | — | | | omnia | omnia | all things | ܟܠ | all things are | πάντα | all things are | ||||||
| — | δυνατά | possible | δυνατα | | | tibi | tibi | ? | ܡܕܡ | possible | δυνατά | possible | ||||||
| — | σοι· | to You; | σοι | | | si | possibilia | ? | ܡܫܟܚ | to You; | σοι | to You; | ||||||
| — | παρένεγκε | do take away | παρενεγκε | | | sunt | sunt | are | ܐܢܬ | do take away | Παρένεγκε | do take away | ||||||
| — | τὸ | <the> | — | | | pobibilia | — | — | — | — | τὸ | <the> | ||||||
| — | ποτήριον | cup | — | | | transferre | calicem | ? | ܐܥܒܪ | cup | ποτήριον | cup | ||||||
| — | τοῦτο | this | τουτο | | | calicem | hunc | ? | — | — | ἀπ’ | this | ||||||
| — | ἀπ᾽ | from | απ | | | hunc | a | from | ܡܢܝ | from | ἐμοῦ | from | ||||||
| — | ἐμοῦ, | Me | εμου | | | a | me | me | ܟܤܐ | Me | τοῦτο | Me | ||||||
| — | ἀλλ᾽ | but | αλλ | | | me | sed | but | ܗܢܐ | but | ἀλλ’ | but | ||||||
| — | οὐ | not it is | — | | | sed | non | not | ܐܠܐ | not it is | οὐ | not it is | ||||||
| — | τί | what | — | | | non | quod | which/that | ܠܐ | what | τί | what | ||||||
| — | ἐγὼ | I myself | εγω | | | sicut | ego | I | ܨܒܝܢܝ | I myself | ἐγὼ | I myself | ||||||
| — | θέλω | want | θελω | | | ego | volo | ? | — | — | θέλω | want | ||||||
| — | ἀλλὰ | but | — | | | uolo | sed | but | ܐܠܐ | but | ἀλλὰ | but | ||||||
| — | τί | what | — | | | sicut | quod | which/that | ܐܠܐ | what | τί | what | ||||||
| — | σύ. | You. | συ | | | bis | tu | you | ܕܝܠܟ | You. | σύ | You. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||