The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ἀμὴν | Amen | αμην | | | amen | Amen | truly/amen | ܐܡܝܢ | truly | Ἀμὴν | Amen | ||||||
| — | λέγω | I say | λεγω | | | dico | dico | ? | ܐܡܪ | I say | λέγω | I say | ||||||
| — | ὑμῖν | to you | ϋμειν | | | uobis | vobis | ? | ܐܢܐ | to you | ὑμῖν | to you | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | quia | quia | because/that | — | — | ὅτι | that | ||||||
| — | οὐκέτι | no longer | — | | | adponam | jam | ? | ܠܟܘܢ | no longer | οὐκέτι | no longer | ||||||
| — | οὐ | certainly | ου | | | non | non | not | ܕܬܘܒ | certainly | οὐ | certainly | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | μη | | | bibere | bibam | ? | ܠܐ | not | μὴ | not | ||||||
| — | πίω | shall I drink | — | | | — | de | from/of | ܐܫܬܐ | shall I drink | πίω | shall I drink | ||||||
| — | ἐκ | of | εκ | | | — | hoc | this | ܡܢ | of | ἐκ | of | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | the | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | the | ||||||
| — | γενήματος | fruit | — | | | generatione | genimine | ? | ܝܠܕܐ | fruit | γενήματος | fruit | ||||||
| — | τῆς | of the | της | | | ex | — | — | — | — | τῆς | of the | ||||||
| — | ἀμπέλου | vine | αμπελου | | | uitis | vitis | ? | — | — | ἀμπέλου | vine | ||||||
| — | ἕως | until | εως | | | usque | usque | until/even | ܕܓܦܬܐ | until | ἕως | until | ||||||
| — | τῆς | the | της | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῆς | the | ||||||
| — | ἡμέρας | day | ημερας | | | in | in | in | ܥܕܡܐ | day | ἡμέρας | day | ||||||
| — | ἐκείνης | that one | εκεινης | | | diem | diem | day | ܠܝܘܡܐ | that one | ἐκείνης | that one | ||||||
| — | ὅταν | when | οταν | | | illum | illum | him | ܗܘ | when | ὅταν | when | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸ | it | αυτο | | | cum | cum | when/with | ܕܒܗ | it | αὐτὸ | it | ||||||
| — | πίνω | I may drink | πεινω | | | illud | illud | that | ܐܫܬܝܘܗܝ | I may drink | πίνω | I may drink | ||||||
| — | καινὸν | anew | καινον | | | bibam | bibam | ? | — | — | καινὸν | anew | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | nouum | novum | ? | ܚܕܬܐܝܬ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | τῇ | the | τη | | | — | in | in | — | — | τῇ | the | ||||||
| — | βασιλείᾳ | kingdom | βασιλεια | | | in | regno | ? | ܒܡܠܟܘܬܗ | kingdom | βασιλείᾳ | kingdom | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | di | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | ||||||
| — | θεοῦ.¶ | of God. | θυ | | | regno | Dei | of God | ܕܐܠܗܐ | of God. | θεοῦ | of God. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||