The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | and | — | | | secundum | Secundum | and | ܘܕܬܪܝܢ | and | Καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | δευτέρα | The second | δευτερα | | | autem | autem | The second | ܕܕܡܐ | The second | δευτέρα | The second | ||||||
| — | ὁμοία | like | ομοια | | | simile | simile | like | ܠܗ | like | ὁμοία | like | ||||||
| — | αὕτη· | this: | — | | | est | est | this: | — | — | αὕτη | this: | ||||||
| — | ἀγαπήσεις | You will love | αγαπησεις | | | illi | illi | You will love | ܕܬܚܒ | You will love | Ἀγαπήσεις | You will love | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | τον | | | diligis | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | ||||||
| — | πλησίον | neighbour | πλησιον | | | proximum | proximum | neighbour | ܠܩܪܝܒܟ | neighbour | πλησίον | neighbour | ||||||
| — | σου | of you | σου | | | tuum | tuum | of you | ܐܝܟ | of you | σου | of you | ||||||
| — | ὡς | as | ως | | | sicut | tamquam | as | ܢܦܫܟ | as | ὡς | as | ||||||
| — | σεαυτόν. | yourself.’ | σεαυτον | | | te | teipsum | yourself.’ | ܦܘܩܕܢܐ | yourself.’ | σεαυτόν | yourself.’ | ||||||
| — | μείζων | Greater | μειζων | | | maius | Majus | Greater | ܐܚܪܢܐ | Greater | Μείζων | Greater | ||||||
| — | τούτων | than these | τουτων | | | horum | horum | than these | — | — | τούτων | than these | ||||||
| — | ἄλλη | another | — | | | aliud | aliud | another | ܕܪܒ | another | ἄλλη | another | ||||||
| — | ἐντολὴ | commandment | εντολη | | | ipsum | mandatum | commandment | ܡܢ | commandment | ἐντολὴ | commandment | ||||||
| — | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | non | non | not | ܗܠܝܢ | not | οὐκ | not | ||||||
| — | ἔστιν. | there is. | εστιν | | | praeceptorum | est | there is. | ܠܝܬ | there is. | ἔστιν | there is. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 1:54 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||