The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ὃ | What | ο | | | quod | — | — | — | — | Ὃ | What | ||||||
| — | οὖν | therefore | — | | | ergo | ergo | therefore | ܕܐܠܗܐ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ||||||
| — | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | ds | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | ||||||
| — | θεὸς | God | — | | | — | Deus | God | ܗܟܝܠ | God | θεὸς | God | ||||||
| — | συνέζευξεν, | has joined together, | — | | | coniunxit | conjunxit | has joined together, | ܙܘܓ | has joined together, | συνέζευξεν | has joined together, | ||||||
| — | ἄνθρωπος | man | ανθρωπος | | | homo | homo | man | ܒܪܢܫܐ | man | ἄνθρωπος | man | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | μη | | | non | non | not | ܠܐ | not | μὴ | not | ||||||
| — | χωριζέτω.¶ | should separate. | χωριζετω | | | deiungat | separet | should separate. | ܢܦܪܫ | should separate. | χωριζέτω | should separate. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 11:27 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||