The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | τὰς | The | τας | | | praecepta | — | — | — | — | Τὰς | The | ||||||
| — | ἐντολὰς | commandments | εντολας | | | nosti | nosti | commandments | ܦܘܩܕܢܐ | commandments | ἐντολὰς | commandments | ||||||
| — | οἶδας· | you know: | οιδας | | | ne | ne | you know: | ܝܕܥ | you know: | οἶδας | you know: | ||||||
| — | μὴ | Not | μη | | | adulteres | adulteres | Not | ܐܢܬ | Not | Μὴ | Not | ||||||
| — | φονεύσῃς, | shall you murder | — | | | ne | ne | shall you murder | ܠܐ | shall you murder | μοιχεύσῃς | shall you murder | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | — | | | occidas | occidas | not | ܬܓܘܪ | not | μὴ | not | ||||||
| — | μοιχεύσῃς, | shall you commit adultery | μοιχευσης | | | ne | ne | shall you commit adultery | ܠܐ | shall you commit adultery | φονεύσῃς | shall you commit adultery | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | μη | | | fureris | fureris | not | ܬܓܢܘܒ | not | μὴ | not | ||||||
| — | κλέψῃς, | shall you steal, | — | | | ne | ne | shall you steal, | ܠܐ | shall you steal, | κλέψῃς | shall you steal, | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | μη | | | falsum | falsum | not | ܬܩܛܘܠ | not | μὴ | not | ||||||
| — | ψευδομαρτυρήσῃς, | shall you bear false witness, | — | | | testimonium | testimonium | shall you bear false witness, | ܘܠܐ | shall you bear false witness, | ψευδομαρτυρήσῃς | shall you bear false witness, | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | μη | | | — | dixeris | not | ܬܤܗܕ | not | μὴ | not | ||||||
| — | ἀποστερήσῃς, | shall you defraud, | — | | | ne | ne | shall you defraud, | ܤܗܕܘܬܐ | shall you defraud, | ἀποστερήσῃς | shall you defraud, | ||||||
| — | τίμα | do honor | τειμα | | | fraudem | fraudem | do honor | ܕܓܠܬܐ | do honor | τίμα | do honor | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | τον | | | feceris | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | ||||||
| — | πατέρα | father | πατερα | | | honora | honora | father | ܠܐ | father | πατέρα | father | ||||||
| — | σου | of you | — | | | patrem | patrem | of you | ܬܛܠܘܡ | of you | σου | of you | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | dicas | tuum | and | ܝܩܪ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | τὴν | the | την | | | et | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | ||||||
| — | μητέρα. | mother.’ | μητερα | | | matrem | matrem | mother.’ | ܠܐܒܘܟ | mother.’ | μητέρα | mother.’ | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Mark 11:27 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||