The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ετιP75 | While | ἔτι | While | ετι | | | et | Et | While | ܘܟܕ | While | Ἔτι | While | |||||
δεP75 | then | δὲ | then | δε | | | adhuc | — | — | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | |||||
προσερχομενουP75 | when is coming near | προσερχομένου | when is coming near | προσερχομενου | | | — | — | — | — | — | προσερχομένου | when is coming near | |||||
αυτουP75 | he | αὐτοῦ | he | αυτου | | | — | cum | he | ܠܗ | he | αὐτοῦ | he | |||||
ερρηξενP75 | threw down | ἔρρηξεν | threw down | ερρηξεν | | | — | — | — | ܐܪܡܝܗ | threw down | ἔρρηξεν | threw down | |||||
αυτονP75 | him | αὐτὸν | him | αυτον | | | autem | — | — | — | — | αὐτὸν | him | |||||
τοP75 | the | τὸ | the | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | |||||
δαιμονιονP75 | demon | δαιμόνιον | demon | δαιμονιον | | | accedente | accederet | demon | ܕܝܘܐ | demon | δαιμόνιον | demon | |||||
καιP75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | — | — | — | ܗܘ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
συνεσπαραξενP75 | threw him into convulsions. | συνεσπάραξεν. | threw him into convulsions. | — | | | — | — | — | ܘܡܥܤܗ | threw him into convulsions. | συνεσπάραξεν | threw him into convulsions. | |||||
επετιμησενP75 | Rebuked | ἐπετίμησεν | Rebuked | επετειμησεν | | | eo | elisit | Rebuked | — | — | ἐπετίμησεν | Rebuked | |||||
οP75 | then | δὲ | then | δε | | | — | — | — | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | |||||
ισP75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
τωP75 | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | — | — | — | ܝܫܘܥ | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | |||||
πνιP75 | the | τῷ | the | τω | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῷ | the | |||||
τωP75 | spirit | πνεύματι | spirit | — | | | adlisit | illum | spirit | — | — | πνεύματι | spirit | |||||
ακαθαρτωP75 | <the> | τῷ | <the> | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῷ | <the> | |||||
καιP75 | unclean | ἀκαθάρτῳ | unclean | ακαθαρτω | | | — | — | — | ܒܪܘܚܐ | unclean | ἀκαθάρτῳ | unclean | |||||
ισατοP75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | — | — | — | ܗܝ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
τονP75 | healed | ἰάσατο | healed | — | | | eum | dæmonium | healed | ܛܢܦܬܐ | healed | ἰάσατο | healed | |||||
παιδαP75 | the | τὸν | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | |||||
καιP75 | boy | παῖδα | boy | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | παῖδα | boy | |||||
απεδωκενP75 | and | καὶ | and | — | | | — | — | — | ܘܐܤܝܗ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
αυτονP75 | gave back | ἀπέδωκεν | gave back | — | | | daemonium | et | gave back | ܠܛܠܝܐ | gave back | ἀπέδωκεν | gave back | |||||
τωP75 | him | αὐτὸν | him | αυτον | | | — | — | — | — | — | αὐτὸν | him | |||||
πατριP75 | to the | τῷ | to the | τω | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῷ | to the | |||||
αυτουP75 | father | πατρὶ | father | πατρι | | | — | — | — | ܘܝܗܒܗ | father | πατρὶ | father | |||||
αὐτοῦ.P75 | of him. | αὐτοῦ. | of him. | αυτου | | | conturbabit | dissipavit | of him. | ܠܐܒܘܗܝ | of him. | αὐτοῦ | of him. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||