The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
επηρωτησενP75 | Asked | ἐπηρώτησεν | Asked | επηρωτησεν | | | interrogauit | Interrogavit | Asked | ܫܐܠܗ | Asked | Ἐπηρώτησεν | Asked | |||||
δεP75 | now | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
αυτονP75 | him | αὐτὸν | him | αυτον | | | ad | illum | him | — | — | αὐτὸν | him | |||||
οP75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | eum | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
ισP75 | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | — | | | ihs | Jesus | Jesus | ܝܫܘܥ | Jesus | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus | |||||
τιP75 | saying: | λέγων· | saying: | λεγων | | | dicens | dicens | saying: | ܡܢ | saying: | λέγων | saying: | |||||
σοιP75 | What | τί | What | τι | | | quod | Quod | What | ܫܡܟ | What | Τί | What | |||||
ονομαP75 | your | σοι | your | σοι | | | tibi | tibi | your | — | — | σοι | your | |||||
εστινP75 | name | ὄνομά | name | ονομα | | | nomen | nomen | name | ܐܡܪ | name | ἐστὶν | name | |||||
οP75 | is | ἐστιν; | is | εστιν | | | est | est | is | ܠܗ | is | ὄνομα | is | |||||
δεP75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | nomen | — | — | — | — | Ὁ | <the> | |||||
ειπενP75 | And | δὲ | And | δε | | | mihi | At | And | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | And | |||||
λεγεωνP75 | he said; | εἶπεν· | he said; | ειπεν | | | ille | ille | he said; | ܡܛܠ | he said; | εἶπεν | he said; | |||||
οτιP75 | Legion; | λεγιών· | Legion; | λεγιων | | | dixit | dixit | Legion; | — | — | Λεγεών | Legion; | |||||
εισηλθενP75 | because | ὅτι | because | — | | | legio | Legio | because | ܕܕܝܘܐ | because | ὅτι | because | |||||
δαιμονιαP75 | were entered | εἰσῆλθεν | were entered | — | | | — | quia | were entered | ܤܓܝܐܐ | were entered | δαιμόνια | were entered | |||||
πολλαP75 | demons | δαιμόνια | demons | — | | | enim | intraverant | demons | ܥܠܝܠܝܢ | demons | πολλὰ | demons | |||||
εισP75 | many | πολλὰ | many | πολλα | | | erant | dæmonia | many | — | — | εἰσῆλθεν | many | |||||
αυτονP75 | into | εἰς | into | — | | | multa | multa | into | ܗܘܘ | into | εἰς | into | |||||
αὐτόν.P75 | him. | αὐτόν. | him. | — | | | daemonia | in | him. | ܒܗ | him. | αὐτόν | him. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||