The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ουδεισP75 | No one | Οὐδεὶς | No one | ουδεις | | | nemo | Nemo | No one | ܠܐ | No one | Οὐδεὶς | No one | |||||
δεP75 | now | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
λυχνονP75 | a lamp | λύχνον | a lamp | λυχνον | | | lucernam | lucernam | a lamp | ܡܢܗܪ | a lamp | λύχνον | a lamp | |||||
αψασP75 | having lighted | ἅψας | having lighted | αψας | | | accendens | accendens | having lighted | ܫܪܓܐ | having lighted | ἅψας | having lighted | |||||
καλυπτειP75 | covers | καλύπτει | covers | καλυπτει | | | coperit | operit | covers | ܘܡܚܦܐ | covers | καλύπτει | covers | |||||
αυτονP75 | it | αὐτὸν | it | αυτον | | | eam | eam | it | ܠܗ | it | αὐτὸν | it | |||||
σκευειP75 | with a vessel | σκεύει | with a vessel | σκευει | | | uaso | vase | with a vessel | ܒܡܐܢܐ | with a vessel | σκεύει | with a vessel | |||||
ηP75 | or | ἢ | or | η | | | aut | — | — | — | — | ἢ | or | |||||
υποκατωP75 | under | ὑποκάτω | under | ϋποκατω | | | — | subtus | under | ܤܐܡ | under | ὑποκάτω | under | |||||
κλεινησP75 | a bed | κλίνης | a bed | κλεινης | | | lectum | lectum | a bed | ܠܗ | a bed | κλίνης | a bed | |||||
τιθησινP75 | puts it, | τίθησιν, | puts it, | τιθησιν | | | ponit | ponit | puts it, | ܬܚܝܬ | puts it, | τίθησιν | puts it, | |||||
αλλP75 | but | ἀλλ᾽ | but | — | | | sed | sed | but | ܥܪܤܐ | but | ἀλλ’ | but | |||||
επιP75 | on | ἐπὶ | on | επι | | | suptus | supra | on | ܐܠܐ | on | ἐπὶ | on | |||||
λυχνιασP75 | a lampstand | λυχνίας | a lampstand | — | | | candelabrum | candelabrum | a lampstand | ܤܐܡ | a lampstand | λυχνίας | a lampstand | |||||
τιθησινP75 | puts it | τίθησιν | puts it | — | | | ponit | ponit | puts it | ܠܗ | puts it | ἐπιτίθησιν | puts it | |||||
ἵναP75 | so that | ἵνα | so that | ϊνα | | | ut | ut | so that | ܠܥܠ | so that | ἵνα | so that | |||||
οἱP75 | those | οἱ | those | οι | | | super | — | — | — | — | οἱ | those | |||||
εἰσπορευόμενοιP75 | entering in | εἰσπορευόμενοι | entering in | εισ πορευομενοι | | | intrant | intrantes | entering in | ܡܢܪܬܐ | entering in | εἰσπορευόμενοι | entering in | |||||
βλέπωσινP75 | may see | βλέπωσιν | may see | βλεπωσι | | | uideant | videant | may see | ܕܟܠ | may see | βλέπωσιν | may see | |||||
τὸP75 | the | τὸ | the | το | | | qui | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | |||||
φῶς.P75 | light. | φῶς. | light. | φως | | | lumen | lumen | light. | ܢܚܙܐ | light. | φῶς | light. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||