The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
τιP45 · P75 | Why | τί | Why | τι | | | quid | Quid | Why | ܡܢܐ | Why | Τί | Why | |||||
δεP45 · P75 | now | δέ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δέ | now | |||||
μεP45 · P75 | Me | με | Me | με | | | mihi | vocatis | Me | ܐܢܬܘܢ | Me | με | Me | |||||
καλειτεP45 · P75 | do you call: | καλεῖτε· | do you call: | — | | | dme | me | do you call: | ܠܝ | do you call: | καλεῖτε | do you call: | |||||
κεP45 · P75 | Lord | κύριε | Lord | — | | | dme | Domine | Lord | ܡܪܝ | Lord | Κύριε | Lord | |||||
κεP45 · P75 | Lord, | κύριε, | Lord, | — | | | dico | Domine | Lord, | ܡܪܝ | Lord, | κύριε | Lord, | |||||
καιP45 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܡܕܡ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
ουP45 · P75 | not | οὐ | not | ου | | | non | non | not | ܕܐܡܪ | not | οὐ | not | |||||
ποιειτεP45 · P75 | do | ποιεῖτε | do | ποιειτε | | | facitis | facitis | do | ܐܢܐ | do | ποιεῖτε | do | |||||
αP45 · P75 | what | ἃ | what | α | | | quae | quæ | what | ܠܐ | what | ἃ | what | |||||
λεγωP45 · P75 | I say? | λέγω;¶ | I say? | λεγω | | | dicitis | dico | I say? | ܥܒܕܝܢ | I say? | λέγω | I say? | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||