The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP4 · P75 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܠܐ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
ουδεισP4 · P75 | no one | οὐδεὶς | no one | ουδεις | | | nemo | nemo | no one | ܐܢܫ | no one | οὐδεὶς | no one | |||||
βαλλειP4 · P75 | puts | βάλλει | puts | βαλλει | | | mittit | mittit | puts | ܪܡܐ | puts | βάλλει | puts | |||||
οινονP4 · P75 | wine | οἶνον | wine | οινον | | | si | — | — | — | — | οἶνον | wine | |||||
νεονP4 · P75 | new | νέον | new | νεον | | | uinum | vinum | new | ܚܡܪܐ | new | νέον | new | |||||
εισP4 · P75 | into | εἰς | into | εις | | | nouum | novum | into | ܚܕܬܐ | into | εἰς | into | |||||
ασκουσP4 · P75 | wineskins | ἀσκοὺς | wineskins | ασκους | | | in | in | wineskins | ܒܙܩܐ | wineskins | ἀσκοὺς | wineskins | |||||
παλαιουσP4 · P75 | old; | παλαιούς· | old; | παλαιους | | | utres | utres | old; | ܒܠܝܬܐ | old; | παλαιούς | old; | |||||
ειP4 · P75 | lest | εἰ | lest | ει | | | ueteres | veteres | lest | ܘܐܢ | lest | εἰ | lest | |||||
δεP4 · P75 | then | δὲ | then | δε | | | — | alioquin | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | |||||
μηP4 · P75 | except | μή | except | μη | | | — | — | — | — | — | μήγε | except | |||||
γεP4 · P75 | indeed | γε, | indeed | γε | | | rumpet | rumpet | indeed | ܠܐ | indeed | ῥήξει | indeed | |||||
ρηγνυσιP4 · P75 | will burst | ῥήξει | will burst | ρηξει | | | uinum | vinum | will burst | ܡܒܙܥ | will burst | ὁ | will burst | |||||
οP4 · P75 | the | ὁ | the | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | νέος | the | |||||
οινοσP4 · P75 | wine | οἶνος | wine | οινος | | | nouum | novum | wine | ܚܡܪܐ | wine | οἶνος | wine | |||||
οP4 · P75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | quominus | — | — | — | — | τοὺς | <the> | |||||
νεοσP4 · P75 | new | νέος | new | νεος | | | utres | utres | new | ܚܕܬܐ | new | ἀσκούς | new | |||||
τουσP4 · P75 | the | τοὺς | the | τους | | | — | — | — | — | — | καὶ | the | |||||
ασκουσP4 · P75 | wineskins | ἀσκοὺς | wineskins | ασκους | | | et | et | wineskins | ܠܙܩܐ | wineskins | αὐτὸς | wineskins | |||||
καιP4 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | ipse | ipsum | and | ܘܗܘ | and | ἐκχυθήσεται | and | |||||
αυτοσP4 · P75 | it | αὐτὸς | it | αυτος | | | — | — | — | — | — | καὶ | it | |||||
εκχυθησεταιP4 · P75 | will be spilled out, | ἐκχυθήσεται, | will be spilled out, | εκχυθησεται | | | effundetur | effundetur | will be spilled out, | ܚܡܪܐ | will be spilled out, | οἱ | will be spilled out, | |||||
καιP4 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܡܬܐܫܕ | and | ἀσκοὶ | and | |||||
οιP4 · P75 | the | οἱ | the | οι | | | ueteres | — | — | — | — | ἀπολοῦνται | the | |||||
ασκοιP4 · P75 | wineskins | ἀσκοὶ | wineskins | ασκοι | | | utres | utres | wineskins | ܘܙܩܐ | wineskins | ἀσκοὶ | wineskins | |||||
απολουνταιP4 · P75 | will be destroyed; | ἀπολοῦνται· | will be destroyed; | απολουνται | | | peribunt | peribunt | will be destroyed; | ܐܒܕܢ | will be destroyed; | ἀπολοῦνται· | will be destroyed; | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||