The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ηρωτησενP4 · P75 | Having climbed | ἐμβὰς | Having climbed | — | | | ascendens | Ascendens | ? | ܘܚܕܐ | Having climbed | Ἐμβὰς | Having climbed | |||||
αυτονP4 · P75 | then | δὲ | then | δε | | | autem | autem | but/however | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | |||||
αποP4 · P75 | into | εἰς | into | εις | | | in | in | in | ܕܫܡܥܘܢ | into | εἰς | into | |||||
τησP4 · P75 | one | ἓν | one | εν | | | unam | unam | ? | ܗܘܬ | one | ἓν | one | |||||
γησP4 · P75 | of the | τῶν | of the | — | | | inducere | — | — | — | — | τῶν | of the | |||||
επαναγαγεινP4 · P75 | boats | πλοίων | boats | — | | | nauem | navim | ? | ܟܐܦܐ | boats | πλοίων | boats | |||||
ολιγονP4 · P75 | which | ὃ | which | ο | | | quae | — | — | — | — | ὃ | which | |||||
δεP4 · P75 | was | ἦν | was | ην | | | erat | qu | ? | ܝܫܘܥ | was | ἦν | was | |||||
καθισασP4 · P75 | of the | τοῦ | of the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | of the | |||||
εδιδασκενP4 · P75 | Simon’s, | Σίμωνος, | Simon’s, | σιμωνος | | | simonis | erat | was | ܝܬܒ | Simon’s, | Σίμωνος | Simon’s, | |||||
εκP4 · P75 | He asked | ἠρώτησεν | He asked | ηρωτησεν | | | rogauit | Simonis | ? | ܒܗ | He asked | ἠρώτησεν | He asked | |||||
τουP4 · P75 | him | αὐτὸν | him | αυτον | | | eum | rogavit | ? | ܘܐܡܪ | him | αὐτὸν | him | |||||
πλοιουP4 · P75 | from | ἀπὸ | from | — | | | — | eum | him | ܕܢܕܒܪܘܢܗ | from | ἀπὸ | from | |||||
τουσP4 · P75 | the | τῆς | the | — | | | quantum | — | — | — | — | τῆς | the | |||||
οχλουσP4 · P75 | land | γῆς | land | — | | | a | a | from | ܩܠܝܠ | land | γῆς | land | |||||
ἐπαναγαγεῖνP4 · P75 | to put off | ἐπαναγαγεῖν | to put off | επαναγαγειν | | | terra | terra | land/earth | ܡܢ | to put off | ἐπαναγαγεῖν | to put off | |||||
ὀλίγον.P4 · P75 | a little. | ὀλίγον. | a little. | — | | | — | reducere | ? | ܝܒܫܐ | a little. | ὀλίγον | a little. | |||||
καὶP4 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | quantum | pusillum | ? | ܠܡܝܐ | and | Καὶ | and | |||||
καθίσαςP4 · P75 | Having sat down | καθίσας | Having sat down | καθισας | | | et | Et | and | ܘܝܬܒ | Having sat down | καθίσας | Having sat down | |||||
δὲP4 · P75 | then | δὲ | then | — | | | sedens | sedens | ? | ܕܝܢ | but | ἐδίδασκεν | then | |||||
ἐκP4 · P75 | from | ἐκ | from | — | | | docebat | docebat | ? | ܘܡܠܦ | from | ἐκ | from | |||||
τοῦP4 · P75 | the | τοῦ | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | the | |||||
πλοίουP4 · P75 | boat | πλοίου | boat | — | | | — | de | from/of | ܡܢ | boat | πλοίου | boat | |||||
ἐδίδασκενP4 · P75 | He was teaching | ἐδίδασκεν | He was teaching | εδιδασκεν | | | naue | navicula | ? | ܤܦܝܢܬܐ | He was teaching | τοὺς | He was teaching | |||||
τοὺςP4 · P75 | the | τοὺς | the | τους | | | in | — | — | — | — | ὄχλους | the | |||||
ὄχλους.¶P4 · P75 | crowds. | ὄχλους.¶ | crowds. | οχλους | | | turbas | turbas | ? | ܠܟܢܫܐ | crowds. | ὄχλους.¶ | crowds. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||