The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
αναστασP75 | Having risen up | Ἀναστὰς | Having risen up | αναστας | | | surgens | Surgens | Having risen up | ܘܟܕ | Having risen up | Ἀναστὰς | Having risen up | |||||
δεP75 | then | δὲ | then | δε | | | autem | autem | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | |||||
αποP75 | out of | ἀπὸ | out of | απο | | | uenit | Jesus | out of | ܝܫܘܥ | out of | ἐκ | out of | |||||
τησP75 | the | τῆς | the | της | | | andreae | — | — | — | — | τῆς | the | |||||
συαγωγησP75 | synagogue | συναγωγῆς | synagogue | συναγωγης | | | de | de | synagogue | — | — | συναγωγῆς | synagogue | |||||
εισηλθενP75 | He entered | εἰσῆλθεν | He entered | — | | | synagoga | synagoga | He entered | ܡܢ | He entered | εἰσῆλθεν | He entered | |||||
εισP75 | into | εἰς | into | εις | | | in | introivit | into | ܟܢܘܫܬܐ | into | εἰς | into | |||||
τηνP75 | the | τὴν | the | την | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | |||||
οικιανP75 | house | οἰκίαν | house | οικιαν | | | autem | in | house | ܥܠ | house | οἰκίαν | house | |||||
σιμωνοσP75 | of Simon. | Σίμωνος. | of Simon. | σιμωνος | | | domum | domum | of Simon. | ܠܒܝܬܗ | of Simon. | Σίμωνος | of Simon. | |||||
πενθεραP75 | The | ἡ | The | — | | | erat | — | — | — | — | πενθερὰ | The | |||||
δεP75 | mother-in-law | πενθερὰ | mother-in-law | — | | | simonis | Simonis | mother-in-law | ܕܫܡܥܘܢ | mother-in-law | δὲ | mother-in-law | |||||
τουP75 | then | δὲ | then | — | | | socrus | Socrus | then | ܕܝܢ | but | τοῦ | then | |||||
σιμωνοσP75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | — | | | conprehensa | — | — | — | — | Σίμωνος | <the> | |||||
ηνP75 | of Simon | Σίμωνος | of Simon | — | | | a | autem | of Simon | ܘܚܡܬܗ | of Simon | ἦν | of Simon | |||||
συνεχομενηP75 | was | ἦν | was | — | | | simonis | Simonis | was | ܕܫܡܥܘܢ | was | συνεχομένη | was | |||||
πυρετωP75 | oppressed with | συνεχομένη | oppressed with | — | | | — | tenebatur | oppressed with | ܐܠܝܨܐ | oppressed with | πυρετῷ | oppressed with | |||||
μεγαλωP75 | a fever | πυρετῷ | a fever | — | | | magna | magnis | a fever | ܗܘܬ | a fever | μεγάλῳ | a fever | |||||
καιP75 | great, | μεγάλῳ, | great, | — | | | febri | febribus | great, | ܒܐܫܬܐ | great, | καὶ | great, | |||||
ηρωτησανP75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܪܒܬܐ | and | ἠρώτησαν | and | |||||
αυτονP75 | they appealed | ἠρώτησαν | they appealed | ηρωτησαν | | | rogauerunt | rogaverunt | they appealed | — | — | αὐτὸν | they appealed | |||||
περιP75 | to Him | αὐτὸν | to Him | αυτον | | | et | illum | to Him | ܘܒܥܘ | to Him | περὶ | to Him | |||||
αυτησP75 | for | περὶ | for | περι | | | eum | pro | for | ܡܢܗ | for | αὐτῆς | for | |||||
αὐτῆς.P75 | her. | αὐτῆς. | her. | αυτης | | | ea | ea | her. | ܡܛܠܬܗ | her. | αὐτῆς. | her. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||