The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ὡς | as | ως | | | sicut | sicut | as | ܐܝܟܢܐ | as | ὡς | as | ||||||
| — | γέγραπται | it has been written | γεγραπται | | | scriptum | scriptum | it has been written | ܕܟܬܝܒ | it has been written | γέγραπται | it has been written | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | est | est | in | ܒܟܬܒܐ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | βίβλῳ | the book | βιβλω | | | in | in | the book | ܕܡܠܐ | the book | βίβλῳ | the book | ||||||
| — | λόγων | of the words | λογων | | | libro | libro | of the words | — | — | λόγων | of the words | ||||||
| — | Ἠσαΐου | of Isaiah | ησαϊου | | | uerborum | sermonum | of Isaiah | ܕܐܫܥܝܐ | of Isaiah | Ἠσαΐου | of Isaiah | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | the | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | the | ||||||
| — | προφήτου | prophet | προφητου | | | — | Isaiæ | prophet | ܢܒܝܐ | prophet | προφήτου | prophet | ||||||
| — | λέγοντος· | saying: | — | | | prophetae | prophetæ | saying: | ܕܐܡܪ | saying: | λέγοντος | saying: | ||||||
| — | φωνὴ | The voice | φωνη | | | uox | Vox | The voice | ܩܠܐ | The voice | Φωνὴ | The voice | ||||||
| — | βοῶντος | of one crying | βοωντος | | | clamantis | clamantis | of one crying | ܕܩܪܐ | of one crying | βοῶντος | of one crying | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | in | in | in | ܒܚܘܪܒܐ | in | ἐν | in | ||||||
| — | τῇ | the | τη | | | esaiae | — | — | — | — | τῇ | the | ||||||
| — | ἐρήμῳ | wilderness | ερημω | | | deserto | deserto | wilderness | ܛܝܒܘ | wilderness | ἐρήμῳ | wilderness | ||||||
| — | ἑτοιμάσατε | do prepare | ετοιμασατε | | | parate | Parate | do prepare | ܐܘܪܚܗ | do prepare | Ἑτοιμάσατε | do prepare | ||||||
| — | τὴν | the | την | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | ||||||
| — | ὁδὸν | way | οδον | | | uiam | viam | way | — | — | ὁδὸν | way | ||||||
| — | κυρίου, | of the Lord, | κυ | | | — | Domini | of the Lord, | ܕܡܪܝܐ | of the Lord, | κυρίου | of the Lord, | ||||||
| — | εὐθείας | straight | ευθειας | | | rectas | rectas | straight | ܘܬܪܘܨܘ | straight | εὐθείας | straight | ||||||
| — | ποιεῖτε | do make | ποιειτε | | | facite | facite | do make | ܒܦܩܥܬܐ | do make | ποιεῖτε | do make | ||||||
| — | τὰς | the | τας | | | dmi | — | — | — | — | τὰς | the | ||||||
| — | τρίβους | paths | τριβους | | | semitas | semitas | paths | ܫܒܝܠܐ | paths | τρίβους | paths | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ. | of Him. | — | | | eius | ejus | of Him. | ܠܐܠܗܢ | of Him. | αὐτοῦ | of Him. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 3:8 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||