The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
αποκριθεισP75 | Answering | Ἀποκριθεὶς | Answering | αποκριθεις | | | respondens | Respondens | Answering | ܘܟܐܐ | Answering | Ἀποκριθεὶς | Answering | |||||
δεP75 | now | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
οP75 | the | ὁ | the | ο | | | alius | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | |||||
ετεροσP75 | other | ἕτερος | other | ετερος | | | — | alter | other | ܚܒܪܗ | other | ἕτερος | other | |||||
επιτιμωνP75 | rebuking | ἐπιτιμῶν | rebuking | — | | | increpabat | increpabat | rebuking | ܘܐܡܪ | rebuking | ἐπετίμα | rebuking | |||||
αυτωP75 | him | αὐτῷ | him | αυτω | | | eum | eum | him | ܠܗ | him | αὐτῷ | him | |||||
εφηP75 | was speaking; | ἔφη· | was speaking; | — | | | dicens | dicens | was speaking; | ܐܦ | was speaking; | λέγων | was speaking; | |||||
ουδεP75 | Not even | οὐδὲ | Not even | — | | | no | Neque | Not even | ܠܐ | Not even | Οὐδὲ | Not even | |||||
φοβηP75 | do fear | φοβῇ | do fear | — | | | tu | tu | do fear | ܡܢ | do fear | φοβῇ | do fear | |||||
συP75 | you yourself | σὺ | you yourself | — | | | times | times | you yourself | ܐܠܗܐ | you yourself | σὺ | you yourself | |||||
τονP75 | <the> | τὸν | <the> | — | | | dnm | — | — | — | — | τὸν | <the> | |||||
θνP75 | God | θεὸν | God | — | | | — | Deum | God | ܕܚܠ | God | θεόν | God | |||||
οτιP75 | that | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | quoniam | quod | that | ܐܢܬ | that | ὅτι | that | |||||
ενP75 | under | ἐν | under | εν | | | in | in | under | ܕܐܦ | under | ἐν | under | |||||
τωP75 | the | τῷ | the | τω | | | quoniam | — | — | — | — | τῷ | the | |||||
αυτωP75 | same | αὐτῷ | same | αυτω | | | ipso | eadem | same | ܐܢܬ | same | αὐτῷ | same | |||||
κριματιP75 | judgment | κρίματι | judgment | κριματι | | | — | damnatione | judgment | ܒܗ | judgment | κρίματι | judgment | |||||
ειP75 | you are? | εἶ; | you are? | ει | | | iudicio | es | you are? | ܐܢܬ | you are? | εἶ | you are? | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||