The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP75 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܡܚܝܢ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
περικαλυψαντεσP75 | having blindfolded | περικαλύψαντες | having blindfolded | περικαλυψαντες | | | coperientes | velaverunt | having blindfolded | — | — | περικαλύψαντες | having blindfolded | |||||
αυτονP75 | Him | αὐτὸν | Him | — | | | eum | eum | Him | ܗܘܘ | Him | αὐτόν | Him | |||||
επηρωτωνP75 | they were striking | ἔτυπτον | they were striking | — | | | et | et | they were striking | — | — | ἔτυπτον | they were striking | |||||
λεγοντεσP75 | of him | αὐτοῦ | of him | αυτου | | | percutiebant | percutiebant | of him | ܠܗ | of him | αὐτοῦ | of him | |||||
προφητευσονP75 | <the> | τὸ | <the> | το | | | faciem | — | — | — | — | τὸ | <the> | |||||
τισP75 | face | πρόσωπον | face | προσωπον | | | eius | ejus | face | ܥܠ | face | πρόσωπον | face | |||||
εστινP75 | and | καὶ | and | — | | | — | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | |||||
οP75 | they were questioning | ἐπηρώτων | they were questioning | — | | | — | interrogabant | they were questioning | ܐܦܘܗܝ | they were questioning | ἐπηρώτων | they were questioning | |||||
παισασP75 | him | αὐτόν | him | αυτον | | | — | eum | him | — | — | αὐτόν | him | |||||
σεP75 | saying; | λέγοντες· | saying; | — | | | dicebant | dicentes | saying; | ܘܐܡܪܝܢ | saying; | λέγοντες | saying; | |||||
προφήτευσον,P75 | do prophesy, | προφήτευσον, | do prophesy, | προφητευσον | | | propheta | Prophetiza | do prophesy, | — | — | Προφήτευσον | do prophesy, | |||||
τίςP75 | who | τίς | who | τις | | | quis | quis | who | ܐܬܢܒܐ | who | Τίς | who | |||||
ἐστινP75 | is | ἐστιν | is | εστιν | | | est | est | is | ܡܢܘ | is | ἐστιν | is | |||||
ὁP75 | the one | ὁ | the one | ο | | | qui | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the one | |||||
παίσαςP75 | having struck | παίσας | having struck | παισας | | | te | te | having struck | — | — | παίσας | having struck | |||||
σε;P75 | You? | σε; | You? | σε | | | percussit | percussit | You? | ܡܚܟ | You? | σε | You? | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||