The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Δαυὶδ | David | δαυειδ | | | dauid | David | David | ܐܢ | David | Δαυὶδ | David | ||||||
| — | οὖν | therefore | — | | | illius | ergo | therefore | ܗܟܝܠ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ||||||
| — | κύριον | Lord | κν | | | dom | Dominum | Lord | ܕܘܝܕ | Lord | κύριον | Lord | ||||||
| — | αὐτὸν | Him | αυτον | | | illum | illum | Him | ܡܪܝ | Him | αὐτὸν | Him | ||||||
| — | καλεῖ, | calls, | — | | | uocat | vocat | calls, | — | — | καλεῖ | calls, | ||||||
| — | καὶ | and | — | | | — | et | and | ܩܪܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | πῶς | how | πως | | | quomodo | quomodo | how | ܠܗ | how | πῶς | how | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ | of him | — | | | filius | filius | of him | ܐܝܟܢܐ | of him | υἱὸς | of him | ||||||
| — | υἱός | son | ϋιος | | | — | ejus | son | ܒܪܗ | son | αὐτοῦ | son | ||||||
| — | ἐστιν;¶ | is He? | εστιν | | | est | est | is He? | ܗܘ | is He? | ἐστιν | is He? | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||