The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | — | | | autem | Et | And | ܗܢܘܢ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | αὐτοὶ | they themselves | αυτοι | | | ipsi | ipsi | they themselves | ܕܝܢ | they themselves | αὐτοὶ | they themselves | ||||||
| — | οὐ | not | ου | | | non | non | not | ܠܐ | not | οὐ | not | ||||||
| — | συνῆκαν | understood | συνηκαν | | | intellexeru&nt; | intellexerunt | understood | — | — | συνῆκαν | understood | ||||||
| — | τὸ | the | το | | | uerbum | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | ||||||
| — | ῥῆμα | declaration | ρημα | | | quod | quod | declaration | ܐܫܬܘܕܥܘ | declaration | ῥῆμα | declaration | ||||||
| — | ὃ | that | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὃ | that | ||||||
| — | ἐλάλησεν | He spoke | ελαλησεν | | | dixit | est | He spoke | ܕܐܡܪ | He spoke | ἐλάλησεν | He spoke | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῖς. | to them. | αυτοις | | | illis | ad | to them. | ܠܗܘܢ | to them. | αὐτοῖς | to them. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 3:8 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||