The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | Et | and | ܘܠܐ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | μη | | | non | non | not | ܐܫܟܚܘܗܝ | not | μὴ | not | ||||||
| — | εὑρόντες | having found | — | | | inuenientes | invenientes | having found | ܘܗܦܟܘ | having found | εὑρόντες | having found | ||||||
| — | αὐτόν | Him | — | | | reuersi | regressi | Him | ܠܗܘܢ | Him | αὐτόν | Him | ||||||
| — | ὑπέστρεψαν | they returned | ϋπεστρεψαν | | | sunt | sunt | they returned | ܬܘܒ | they returned | ὑπέστρεψαν | they returned | ||||||
| — | εἰς | to | εις | | | in | in | to | ܠܐܘܪܫܠܡ | to | εἰς | to | ||||||
| — | Ἰερουσαλὴμ | Jerusalem | ϊερουσαλημ | | | hierusalem | Jerusalem | Jerusalem | ܘܒܥܝܢ | Jerusalem | Ἱερουσαλήμ | Jerusalem | ||||||
| — | ἀναζητοῦντες | searching | αναζητουντες | | | requirentes | requirentes | searching | ܗܘܘ | searching | ζητοῦντες | searching | ||||||
| — | αὐτόν. | Him. | αυτον | | | eum | eum | Him. | ܠܗ | Him. | αὐτόν | Him. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 3:8 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||