The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܒܢܦܫܟܝ | and | καὶ | and | ||||||
| — | σοῦ | of you | σου | | | tuam | tuam | of you | ܕܝܢ | of you | σοῦ | of you | ||||||
| — | δὲ | also | δε | | | ipsius | ipsius | also | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | also | ||||||
| — | αὐτῆς | of her | αυτης | | | autem | — | — | ܕܝܠܟܝ | of her | αὐτῆς | of her | ||||||
| — | τὴν | the | την | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὴν | the | ||||||
| — | ψυχὴν | soul | ψυχην | | | animam | animam | soul | ܬܥܒܪ | soul | ψυχὴν | soul | ||||||
| — | διελεύσεται | will go through | διελευσεται | | | pertransiet | pertransibit | will go through | — | — | διελεύσεται | will go through | ||||||
| — | ῥομφαία | a sword — | ρομφαια | | | gladius | gladius | a sword — | ܪܘܡܚܐ | a sword — | ῥομφαία | a sword — | ||||||
| — | ὅπως | so that | οπως | | | ut | ut | so that | ܐܝܟ | so that | ὅπως | so that | ||||||
| — | ἂν | maybe | — | | | reuelentur | revelentur | maybe | — | — | ἂν | maybe | ||||||
| — | ἀποκαλυφθῶσιν | may be revealed | — | | | — | ex | may be revealed | ܕܢܬܓܠܝܢ | may be revealed | ἀποκαλυφθῶσιν | may be revealed | ||||||
| — | ἐκ | of | — | | | — | — | — | ܡܚܫܒܬܐ | of | ἐκ | of | ||||||
| — | πολλῶν | many | πολλων | | | multorum | multis | many | — | — | πολλῶν | many | ||||||
| — | καρδιῶν | hearts | καρδιων | | | cordium | cordibus | hearts | ܕܠܒܘܬܐ | hearts | καρδιῶν | hearts | ||||||
| — | διαλογισμοί.¶ | the thoughts. | διαλογισμοι | | | consilia | cogitationes | the thoughts. | ܕܤܓܝܐܐ | the thoughts. | διαλογισμοί | the thoughts. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 2:40 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||