The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܐܡܪ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | εἶπεν | said | ειπεν | | | dixit | dixit | said | ܠܗܘܢ | said | εἶπεν | said | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῖς | to them | αυτοις | | | illis | illis | to them | ܡܠܐܟܐ | to them | αὐτοῖς | to them | ||||||
| — | ὁ | the | ο | | | quae | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | ||||||
| — | ἄγγελος· | angel; | αγγελος | | | angelus | angelus | angel; | ܠܐ | angel; | ἄγγελος | angel; | ||||||
| — | μὴ | Not | μη | | | nolite | Nolite | Not | ܬܕܚܠܘܢ | Not | Μὴ | Not | ||||||
| — | φοβεῖσθε· | do fear; | φοβεισθε | | | timere | timere | do fear; | ܗܐ | do fear; | φοβεῖσθε | do fear; | ||||||
| — | ἰδοὺ | behold | ϊδου | | | ecce | ecce | behold | ܗܐ | behold | ἰδοὺ | behold | ||||||
| — | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | enim | enim | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γάρ | for | ||||||
| — | εὐαγγελίζομαι | I bring good news | ευαγγελιζομαι | | | euangelizo | evangelizo | I bring good news | ܡܤܒܪ | I bring good news | εὐαγγελίζομαι | I bring good news | ||||||
| — | ὑμῖν | to you | ϋμειν | | | uobis | vobis | to you | ܐܢܐ | to you | ὑμῖν | to you | ||||||
| — | χαρὰν | of joy | χαραν | | | gaudium | gaudium | of joy | ܠܟܘܢ | of joy | χαρὰν | of joy | ||||||
| — | μεγάλην | great | — | | | magnum | magnum | great | ܚܕܘܬܐ | great | μεγάλην | great | ||||||
| — | ἥτις | which | ητις | | | — | quod | which | ܪܒܬܐ | which | ἥτις | which | ||||||
| — | ἔσται | will be | εσται | | | erit | erit | will be | ܕܬܗܘܐ | will be | ἔσται | will be | ||||||
| — | παντὶ | to all | παντι | | | omni | omni | to all | ܠܟܠܗ | to all | παντὶ | to all | ||||||
| — | τῷ | the | τω | | | et | — | — | — | — | τῷ | the | ||||||
| — | λαῷ | people | λαω | | | populo | populo | people | ܥܠܡܐ | people | λαῷ | people | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 2:29 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||