The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | ἰδόντες | Having seen | ϊδοντες | | | uidentes | Videntes | Having seen | ܟܕ | Having seen | Ἰδόντες | Having seen | ||||||
| — | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | τον | | | stellam | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | ||||||
| — | ἀστέρα | star | αστερα | | | gauisi | gavisi | star | ܠܟܘܟܒܐ | star | ἀστέρα | star | ||||||
| — | ἐχάρησαν | they rejoiced with | εχαρησαν | | | sunt | sunt | they rejoiced with | ܚܕܝܘ | they rejoiced with | ἐχάρησαν | they rejoiced with | ||||||
| — | χαρὰν | joy | χαραν | | | gaudio | gaudio | joy | ܚܕܘܬܐ | joy | χαρὰν | joy | ||||||
| — | μεγάλην | great | μεγαλην | | | magno | magno | great | ܪܒܬܐ | great | μεγάλην | great | ||||||
| — | σφόδρα, | exceedingly, | σφοδρα | | | ualde | valde | exceedingly, | ܕܛܒ | exceedingly, | σφόδρα | exceedingly, | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 2:13 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||