The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | And | ܘܟܕ | And | Καὶ | And | ||||||
| — | εἰπὼν | having said | ειπων | | | haec | his | having said | ܐܡܪ | having said | εἰπὼν | having said | ||||||
| — | ταῦτα | these things | ταυτα | | | cum | — | — | ܗܠܝܢ | these things | ταῦτα | these things | ||||||
| — | ἐπορεύετο | He was going on | επορευετο | | | dixisset | dictis | He was going on | ܝܫܘܥ | He was going on | ἐπορεύετο | He was going on | ||||||
| — | ἔμπροσθεν | ahead | — | | | ibat | præcedebat | ahead | ܢܦܩ | ahead | ἔμπροσθεν | ahead | ||||||
| — | ἀναβαίνων | going up | αναβαινων | | | in | — | — | ܠܩܕܡܘܗܝ | going up | ἀναβαίνων | going up | ||||||
| — | εἰς | to | εις | | | ascendens | ascendens | to | ܕܢܐܙܠ | to | εἰς | to | ||||||
| — | Ἱεροσόλυμα. | Jerusalem. | — | | | — | Jerosolymam | Jerusalem. | ܠܐܘܪܫܠܡ | Jerusalem. | Ἱεροσόλυμα | Jerusalem. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Luke 22:4 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||