The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ειπενP75 | Said | Εἶπεν | Said | ειπεν | | | dixit | Ait | Said | ܘܐܡܪ | Said | Εἶπεν | Said | |||||
δεP75 | then | δὲ | then | δε | | | autem | autem | then | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | then | |||||
οP75 | the | ὁ | the | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | |||||
κσP75 | Lord; | κύριος· | Lord; | — | | | — | Dominus | Lord; | ܫܡܥܘ | Lord; | κύριος | Lord; | |||||
ακουσατεP75 | do hear | ἀκούσατε | do hear | ακουσατε | | | audite | Audite | do hear | — | — | Ἀκούσατε | do hear | |||||
τιP75 | what | τί | what | τι | | | quid | quid | what | ܡܢܐ | what | τί | what | |||||
οP75 | the | ὁ | the | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | |||||
κριτησP75 | judge | κριτὴς | judge | κριτης | | | iudex | judex | judge | ܐܡܪ | judge | κριτὴς | judge | |||||
τησP75 | <the> | τῆς | <the> | της | | | dms | — | — | — | — | τῆς | <the> | |||||
αδικιασP75 | unrighteous | ἀδικίας | unrighteous | αδικιας | | | iniquitatis | iniquitatis | unrighteous | ܕܝܢܐ | unrighteous | ἀδικίας | unrighteous | |||||
λεγειP75 | says; | λέγει· | says; | λεγει | | | dicit | dicit | says; | ܕܥܘܠܐ | says; | λέγει | says; | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||