Urevangelium

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Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
οP75		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	Et	and	ܗܘ	and	Καὶ	and
δεP75		<the>	Ὁ	<the>	ο	\|	suos	—	—	—	—	ὁ	<the>
τελωνησP75		but	δὲ	but	—	\|	publicanus	publicanus	but	ܕܝܢ	but	τελώνης	but
μακροθενP75		the tax collector	τελώνης	the tax collector	τελωνης	\|	a	a	the tax collector	ܡܟܤܐ	the tax collector	μακρόθεν	the tax collector
εστωσP75		afar off	μακρόθεν	afar off	μακροθεν	\|	longe	longe	afar off	ܩܐܡ	afar off	ἑστὼς	afar off
ουκP75		having stood	ἑστὼς	having stood	εστως	\|	stans	stans	having stood	ܗܘܐ	having stood	οὐκ	having stood
ηθελενP75		not	οὐκ	not	ουκ	\|	nolebat	nolebat	not	ܡܢ	not	ἤθελεν	not
ουδεP75		was willing	ἤθελεν	was willing	ηθελεν	\|	nec	nec	was willing	ܪܘܚܩܐ	was willing	οὐδὲ	was willing
τουσP75		not even	οὐδὲ	not even	ουδε	\|	oculos	oculos	not even	ܘܠܐ	not even	τοὺς	not even
οφθαλμουσP75		the	τοὺς	the	τους	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ὀφθαλμοὺς	the
επαραιP75		eyes	ὀφθαλμοὺς	eyes	οφθαλμους	\|	in	ad	eyes	ܨܒܐ	eyes	εἰς	eyes
εισP75		to lift up	ἐπᾶραι	to lift up	—	\|	—	cælum	to lift up	ܗܘܐ	to lift up	τὸν	to lift up
τονP75		to	εἰς	to	εις	\|	—	—	—	ܐܦ	to	οὐρανὸν	to
ουρανονP75		<the>	τὸν	<the>	τον	\|	caelum	—	—	—	—	ἐπᾶραι	<the>
αλλP75		heaven	οὐρανόν,	heaven	ουρανον	\|	leuare	levare	heaven	ܠܐ	heaven	ἀλλ’	heaven
ετυπτενP75		but	ἀλλ᾽	but	αλλ	\|	sed	sed	but	ܥܝܢܘܗܝ	but	ἔτυπτεν	but
τοP75		was striking	ἔτυπτεν	was striking	ετυπτε	\|	—	percutiebat	was striking	ܢܪܝܡ	was striking	εἰς	was striking
στηθοσP75		into	εἰς	into	—	\|	pectus	pectus	into	ܠܫܡܝܐ	into	τὸ	into
αυτουP75		the	τὸ	the	το	\|	tundebat	—	—	—	—	στῆθος	the
λεγωνP75		breast	στῆθος	breast	στηθος	\|	suum	suum	breast	ܐܠܐ	breast	αὐτοῦ	breast
οP75		of him	αὐτοῦ	of him	αυτου	\|	dicens	dicens	of him	ܛܪܦ	of him	λέγων	of him
θσP75		saying:	λέγων·	saying:	λεγων	\|	—	Deus	saying:	ܗܘܐ	saying:	Ὁ	saying:
ιλασθητιP75		O	ὁ	O	ο	\|	—	—	—	—	—	θεός	O
μοιP75		God,	θεός,	God,	—	\|	ds	propitius	God,	ܥܠ	God,	ἱλάσθητί	God,
τωP75		do be merciful	ἱλάσθητί	do be merciful	ειλασθητι	\|	—	esto	do be merciful	ܚܕܝܗ	do be merciful	μοι	do be merciful
αμαρτωλωP75		to me	μοι	to me	μοι	\|	mihi	mihi	to me	ܘܐܡܪ	to me	τῷ	to me
τῷP75		to the	τῷ	to the	τω	\|	miserere	—	—	—	—	ἁμαρτωλῷ	to the
ἁμαρτωλῷ.P75		sinner!	ἁμαρτωλῷ.	sinner!	αμαρτωλω	\|	peccatori	peccatori	sinner!	ܐܠܗܐ	sinner!	ἁμαρτωλῷ.	sinner!
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Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Greek Papyri	Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
οP75		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	Et	and	ܗܘ	and	Καὶ	and
δεP75		<the>	Ὁ	<the>	ο	\|	suos	—	—	—	—	ὁ	<the>
τελωνησP75		but	δὲ	but	—	\|	publicanus	publicanus	but	ܕܝܢ	but	τελώνης	but
μακροθενP75		the tax collector	τελώνης	the tax collector	τελωνης	\|	a	a	the tax collector	ܡܟܤܐ	the tax collector	μακρόθεν	the tax collector
εστωσP75		afar off	μακρόθεν	afar off	μακροθεν	\|	longe	longe	afar off	ܩܐܡ	afar off	ἑστὼς	afar off
ουκP75		having stood	ἑστὼς	having stood	εστως	\|	stans	stans	having stood	ܗܘܐ	having stood	οὐκ	having stood
ηθελενP75		not	οὐκ	not	ουκ	\|	nolebat	nolebat	not	ܡܢ	not	ἤθελεν	not
ουδεP75		was willing	ἤθελεν	was willing	ηθελεν	\|	nec	nec	was willing	ܪܘܚܩܐ	was willing	οὐδὲ	was willing
τουσP75		not even	οὐδὲ	not even	ουδε	\|	oculos	oculos	not even	ܘܠܐ	not even	τοὺς	not even
οφθαλμουσP75		the	τοὺς	the	τους	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ὀφθαλμοὺς	the
επαραιP75		eyes	ὀφθαλμοὺς	eyes	οφθαλμους	\|	in	ad	eyes	ܨܒܐ	eyes	εἰς	eyes
εισP75		to lift up	ἐπᾶραι	to lift up	—	\|	—	cælum	to lift up	ܗܘܐ	to lift up	τὸν	to lift up
τονP75		to	εἰς	to	εις	\|	—	—	—	ܐܦ	to	οὐρανὸν	to
ουρανονP75		<the>	τὸν	<the>	τον	\|	caelum	—	—	—	—	ἐπᾶραι	<the>
αλλP75		heaven	οὐρανόν,	heaven	ουρανον	\|	leuare	levare	heaven	ܠܐ	heaven	ἀλλ’	heaven
ετυπτενP75		but	ἀλλ᾽	but	αλλ	\|	sed	sed	but	ܥܝܢܘܗܝ	but	ἔτυπτεν	but
τοP75		was striking	ἔτυπτεν	was striking	ετυπτε	\|	—	percutiebat	was striking	ܢܪܝܡ	was striking	εἰς	was striking
στηθοσP75		into	εἰς	into	—	\|	pectus	pectus	into	ܠܫܡܝܐ	into	τὸ	into
αυτουP75		the	τὸ	the	το	\|	tundebat	—	—	—	—	στῆθος	the
λεγωνP75		breast	στῆθος	breast	στηθος	\|	suum	suum	breast	ܐܠܐ	breast	αὐτοῦ	breast
οP75		of him	αὐτοῦ	of him	αυτου	\|	dicens	dicens	of him	ܛܪܦ	of him	λέγων	of him
θσP75		saying:	λέγων·	saying:	λεγων	\|	—	Deus	saying:	ܗܘܐ	saying:	Ὁ	saying:
ιλασθητιP75		O	ὁ	O	ο	\|	—	—	—	—	—	θεός	O
μοιP75		God,	θεός,	God,	—	\|	ds	propitius	God,	ܥܠ	God,	ἱλάσθητί	God,
τωP75		do be merciful	ἱλάσθητί	do be merciful	ειλασθητι	\|	—	esto	do be merciful	ܚܕܝܗ	do be merciful	μοι	do be merciful
αμαρτωλωP75		to me	μοι	to me	μοι	\|	mihi	mihi	to me	ܘܐܡܪ	to me	τῷ	to me
τῷP75		to the	τῷ	to the	τω	\|	miserere	—	—	—	—	ἁμαρτωλῷ	to the
ἁμαρτωλῷ.P75		sinner!	ἁμαρτωλῷ.	sinner!	αμαρτωλω	\|	peccatori	peccatori	sinner!	ܐܠܗܐ	sinner!	ἁμαρτωλῷ.	sinner!
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Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

οP75

and

καὶ

and

και

and

ܗܘ

and

Καὶ

and

δεP75

<the>

Ὁ

<the>

suos

—

ὁ

<the>

τελωνησP75

but

δὲ

but

—

publicanus

but

ܕܝܢ

but

τελώνης

but

μακροθενP75

the tax collector

τελώνης

the tax collector

τελωνης

the tax collector

ܡܟܤܐ

the tax collector

μακρόθεν

the tax collector

εστωσP75

afar off

μακρόθεν

afar off

μακροθεν

longe

afar off

ܩܐܡ

afar off

ἑστὼς

afar off

ουκP75

having stood

ἑστὼς

having stood

εστως

stans

having stood

ܗܘܐ

having stood

οὐκ

having stood

ηθελενP75

not

οὐκ

not

ουκ

nolebat

not

ܡܢ

not

ἤθελεν

not

ουδεP75

was willing

ἤθελεν

was willing

ηθελεν

nec

was willing

ܪܘܚܩܐ

was willing

οὐδὲ

was willing

τουσP75

not even

οὐδὲ

not even

ουδε

oculos

not even

ܘܠܐ

not even

τοὺς

not even

οφθαλμουσP75

the

τοὺς

the

τους

—

ὀφθαλμοὺς

the

επαραιP75

eyes

ὀφθαλμοὺς

eyes

οφθαλμους

eyes

ܨܒܐ

eyes

εἰς

eyes

εισP75

to lift up

ἐπᾶραι

to lift up

—

cælum

to lift up

ܗܘܐ

to lift up

τὸν

to lift up

τονP75

εἰς

εις

—

ܐܦ

οὐρανὸν

ουρανονP75

<the>

τὸν

<the>

τον

caelum

—

ἐπᾶραι

<the>

αλλP75

heaven

οὐρανόν,

heaven

ουρανον

leuare

levare

heaven

ܠܐ

heaven

ἀλλ’

heaven

ετυπτενP75

but

ἀλλ᾽

but

αλλ

sed

but

ܥܝܢܘܗܝ

but

ἔτυπτεν

but

τοP75

was striking

ἔτυπτεν

was striking

ετυπτε

—

percutiebat

was striking

ܢܪܝܡ

was striking

εἰς

was striking

στηθοσP75

into

εἰς

into

—

pectus

into

ܠܫܡܝܐ

into

τὸ

into

αυτουP75

the

τὸ

the

το

tundebat

—

στῆθος

the

λεγωνP75

breast

στῆθος

breast

στηθος

suum

breast

ܐܠܐ

breast

αὐτοῦ

breast

οP75

of him

αὐτοῦ

of him

αυτου

dicens

of him

ܛܪܦ

of him

λέγων

of him

θσP75

saying:

λέγων·

saying:

λεγων

—

Deus

saying:

ܗܘܐ

saying:

Ὁ

saying:

ιλασθητιP75

ὁ

—

θεός

μοιP75

God,

θεός,

God,

—

propitius

God,

ܥܠ

God,

ἱλάσθητί

God,

τωP75

do be merciful

ἱλάσθητί

do be merciful

ειλασθητι

—

esto

do be merciful

ܚܕܝܗ

do be merciful

μοι

do be merciful

αμαρτωλωP75

to me

μοι

to me

μοι

mihi

to me

ܘܐܡܪ

to me

τῷ

to me

τῷP75

to the

τῷ

to the

τω

miserere

—

ἁμαρτωλῷ

to the

ἁμαρτωλῷ.P75

sinner!

ἁμαρτωλῷ.

sinner!

αμαρτωλω

peccatori

sinner!

ܐܠܗܐ

sinner!

ἁμαρτωλῷ.

sinner!

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Luke 18:13

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Luke 18:13

Translation Lineage