The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ωσπερP75 | As | ὥσπερ | As | ωσπερ | | | enim | nam | As | ܐܝܟܢܐ | As | Ὥσπερ | As | |||||
γαρP75 | for | γὰρ | for | γαρ | | | sicut | sicut | for | ܓܝܪ | for | γὰρ | for | |||||
ηP75 | the | ἡ | the | η | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἡ | the | |||||
αστραπηP75 | lightning | ἀστραπὴ | lightning | αστραπη | | | — | fulgur | lightning | — | — | ἀστραπὴ | lightning | |||||
αστραπτουσαP75 | which | ἡ | which | η | | | scoruscus | — | — | — | — | ἡ | which | |||||
εκP75 | is flashing | ἀστράπτουσα | is flashing | αστραπτουσα | | | — | coruscans | is flashing | ܕܒܪܩܐ | is flashing | ἀστράπτουσα | is flashing | |||||
τησP75 | from | ἐκ | from | εκ | | | de | de | from | ܒܪܩ | from | ἐκ | from | |||||
υποP75 | the one end | τῆς | the one end | της | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῆς | the one end | |||||
τονP75 | under | ὑπὸ | under | ϋπο | | | sub | sub | under | ܡܢ | under | ὑπ’ | under | |||||
ουρανονP75 | the | τὸν | the | τον | | | scoruscat | — | — | — | — | οὐρανὸν | the | |||||
εισP75 | sky | οὐρανὸν | sky | ουρανον | | | — | cælo | sky | ܫܡܝܐ | sky | εἰς | sky | |||||
τηνP75 | to | εἰς | to | — | | | — | in | to | — | — | τὴν | to | |||||
υπP75 | the other end | τὴν | the other end | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὑπ’ | the other end | |||||
ουρανονP75 | under | ὑπ᾽ | under | — | | | caelu | ea | under | ܘܟܠܗ | under | οὐρανὸν | under | |||||
λαμπειP75 | the sky | οὐρανὸν | the sky | — | | | qui | quæ | the sky | ܬܚܝܬ | the sky | λάμπει | the sky | |||||
ουτωσP75 | shines, | λάμπει, | shines, | — | | | — | sub | shines, | ܫܡܝܐ | shines, | οὕτως | shines, | |||||
εσταιP75 | thus | οὕτως | thus | ουτως | | | — | cælo | thus | — | — | ἔσται | thus | |||||
οP75 | will be | ἔσται | will be | εσται | | | scoruscat | sunt | will be | ܡܢܗܪ | will be | ὁ | will be | |||||
υιοσP75 | also | καὶ | also | και | | | — | fulget | also | ܗܟܢܐ | also | υἱὸς | also | |||||
τουP75 | the | ὁ | the | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | the | |||||
ανουP75 | Son | υἱὸς | Son | ϋιος | | | sic | ita | Son | ܢܗܘܐ | Son | ἀνθρώπου | Son | |||||
τοῦP75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἐν | <the> | |||||
ἀνθρώπουP75 | of Man | ἀνθρώπου | of Man | ανθρωπου | | | erit | erit | of Man | ܒܪܗ | of Man | τῇ | of Man | |||||
ἐνP75 | in | ἐν | in | — | | | filius | Filius | in | — | — | ἡμέρᾳ | in | |||||
τῇP75 | the | τῇ | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | αὐτοῦ | the | |||||
ἡμέρᾳP75 | day | ἡμέρᾳ | day | — | | | hominis | hominis | day | ܕܐܢܫܐ | day | ἡμέρᾳ | day | |||||
αὐτοῦ.¶P75 | of Him. | αὐτοῦ.¶ | of Him. | — | | | et | in | of Him. | ܒܝܘܡܗ | of Him. | αὐτοῦ.¶ | of Him. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||