Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
οP45 · P75		<the>	Ὁ	<the>	ο	\|	stercoris	—	—	—	—	Ὁ	<the>
δεP45 · P75		And	δὲ	And	δε	\|	ad	At	?	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	And
λεγειP45 · P75		answering	ἀποκριθεὶς	answering	αποκριθεις	\|	ille	ille	he/that	—	—	ἀποκριθεὶς	answering
αυτωιP45 · P75		he says	λέγει	he says	λεγει	\|	respondens	respondens	?	ܠܗ	he says	λέγει	he says
κεP45 · P75		to him;	αὐτῷ·	to him;	αυτω	\|	dixit	dicit	says	ܦܠܚܐ	to him;	αὐτῷ	to him;
αφεσP45 · P75		Sir,	κύριε,	Sir,	—	\|	illi	illi	to him/those	—	—	Κύριε	Sir,
αυτηνP45 · P75		do leave	ἄφες	do leave	αφες	\|	dme	Domine	?	ܡܪܝ	do leave	ἄφες	do leave
καιP45 · P75		it	αὐτὴν	it	αυτην	\|	dimitte	dimitte	?	—	—	αὐτὴν	it
τουτοP45 · P75		also	καὶ	also	—	\|	illam	illam	?	ܫܒܘܩܝܗ	also	καὶ	also
τοP45 · P75		this	τοῦτο	this	τουτον	\|	et	et	and	—	—	τοῦτο	this
ετοσP45 · P75		the	τὸ	the	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὸ	the
εωσP45 · P75		year,	ἔτος,	year,	—	\|	adhuc	anno	?	ܐܦ	year,	ἔτος	year,
οτουP45 · P75		until	ἕως	until	εως	\|	annum	usque	until/even	ܗܕܐ	until	ἕως	until
σκαψωP45 · P75		when	ὅτου	when	οτου	\|	usquequo	dum	?	—	—	ὅτου	when
περιP45 · P75		I may dig	σκάψω	I may dig	σκαψω	\|	hunc	fodiam	?	ܫܢܬܐ	I may dig	σκάψω	I may dig
αυτηνP45 · P75		around	περὶ	around	περι	\|	fodiam	circa	around	—	—	περὶ	around
καιP45 · P75		it	αὐτὴν	it	αυτην	\|	circa	illam	?	ܥܕ	it	αὐτήν	it
βαλωP45 · P75		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	illam	et	and	ܐܦܠܚܝܗ	and	καὶ	and
κοπριαP45 · P75		may put in	βάλω	may put in	βαλω	\|	qualum	mittam	?	—	—	βάλω	may put in
κόπρια·P45 · P75		manure;	κόπρια·	manure;	—	\|	mittam	stercora	?	ܘܐܙܒܠܝܗ	manure;	κόπρια	manure;
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Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Greek Papyri	Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
οP45 · P75		<the>	Ὁ	<the>	ο	\|	stercoris	—	—	—	—	Ὁ	<the>
δεP45 · P75		And	δὲ	And	δε	\|	ad	At	?	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	And
λεγειP45 · P75		answering	ἀποκριθεὶς	answering	αποκριθεις	\|	ille	ille	he/that	—	—	ἀποκριθεὶς	answering
αυτωιP45 · P75		he says	λέγει	he says	λεγει	\|	respondens	respondens	?	ܠܗ	he says	λέγει	he says
κεP45 · P75		to him;	αὐτῷ·	to him;	αυτω	\|	dixit	dicit	says	ܦܠܚܐ	to him;	αὐτῷ	to him;
αφεσP45 · P75		Sir,	κύριε,	Sir,	—	\|	illi	illi	to him/those	—	—	Κύριε	Sir,
αυτηνP45 · P75		do leave	ἄφες	do leave	αφες	\|	dme	Domine	?	ܡܪܝ	do leave	ἄφες	do leave
καιP45 · P75		it	αὐτὴν	it	αυτην	\|	dimitte	dimitte	?	—	—	αὐτὴν	it
τουτοP45 · P75		also	καὶ	also	—	\|	illam	illam	?	ܫܒܘܩܝܗ	also	καὶ	also
τοP45 · P75		this	τοῦτο	this	τουτον	\|	et	et	and	—	—	τοῦτο	this
ετοσP45 · P75		the	τὸ	the	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τὸ	the
εωσP45 · P75		year,	ἔτος,	year,	—	\|	adhuc	anno	?	ܐܦ	year,	ἔτος	year,
οτουP45 · P75		until	ἕως	until	εως	\|	annum	usque	until/even	ܗܕܐ	until	ἕως	until
σκαψωP45 · P75		when	ὅτου	when	οτου	\|	usquequo	dum	?	—	—	ὅτου	when
περιP45 · P75		I may dig	σκάψω	I may dig	σκαψω	\|	hunc	fodiam	?	ܫܢܬܐ	I may dig	σκάψω	I may dig
αυτηνP45 · P75		around	περὶ	around	περι	\|	fodiam	circa	around	—	—	περὶ	around
καιP45 · P75		it	αὐτὴν	it	αυτην	\|	circa	illam	?	ܥܕ	it	αὐτήν	it
βαλωP45 · P75		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	illam	et	and	ܐܦܠܚܝܗ	and	καὶ	and
κοπριαP45 · P75		may put in	βάλω	may put in	βαλω	\|	qualum	mittam	?	—	—	βάλω	may put in
κόπρια·P45 · P75		manure;	κόπρια·	manure;	—	\|	mittam	stercora	?	ܘܐܙܒܠܝܗ	manure;	κόπρια	manure;
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Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

οP45 · P75

<the>

Ὁ

<the>

stercoris

—

Ὁ

<the>

δεP45 · P75

And

δὲ

And

δε

ܕܝܢ

but

δὲ

And

λεγειP45 · P75

answering

ἀποκριθεὶς

answering

αποκριθεις

ille

he/that

—

ἀποκριθεὶς

answering

αυτωιP45 · P75

he says

λέγει

he says

λεγει

respondens

ܠܗ

he says

λέγει

he says

κεP45 · P75

to him;

αὐτῷ·

to him;

αυτω

dixit

dicit

says

ܦܠܚܐ

to him;

αὐτῷ

to him;

αφεσP45 · P75

Sir,

κύριε,

Sir,

—

illi

to him/those

—

Κύριε

Sir,

αυτηνP45 · P75

do leave

ἄφες

do leave

αφες

dme

Domine

ܡܪܝ

do leave

ἄφες

do leave

καιP45 · P75

αὐτὴν

αυτην

dimitte

—

αὐτὴν

τουτοP45 · P75

also

καὶ

also

—

illam

ܫܒܘܩܝܗ

also

καὶ

also

τοP45 · P75

this

τοῦτο

this

τουτον

and

—

τοῦτο

this

ετοσP45 · P75

the

τὸ

the

—

τὸ

the

εωσP45 · P75

year,

ἔτος,

year,

—

adhuc

anno

ܐܦ

year,

ἔτος

year,

οτουP45 · P75

until

ἕως

until

εως

annum

usque

until/even

ܗܕܐ

until

ἕως

until

σκαψωP45 · P75

when

ὅτου

when

οτου

usquequo

dum

—

ὅτου

when

περιP45 · P75

I may dig

σκάψω

I may dig

σκαψω

hunc

fodiam

ܫܢܬܐ

I may dig

σκάψω

I may dig

αυτηνP45 · P75

around

περὶ

around

περι

fodiam

circa

around

—

περὶ

around

καιP45 · P75

αὐτὴν

αυτην

circa

illam

ܥܕ

αὐτήν

βαλωP45 · P75

and

καὶ

and

και

illam

and

ܐܦܠܚܝܗ

and

καὶ

and

κοπριαP45 · P75

may put in

βάλω

may put in

βαλω

qualum

mittam

—

βάλω

may put in

κόπρια·P45 · P75

manure;

κόπρια·

manure;

—

mittam

stercora

ܘܐܙܒܠܝܗ

manure;

κόπρια

manure;

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Luke 13:8

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

Luke 13:8

Translation Lineage