The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ειP45 · P75 | If | εἰ | If | ει | | | si | Si | If | ܘܐܢ | If | Εἰ | If | |||||
δεP45 · P75 | now | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
καιP45 · P75 | even | καὶ | even | και | | | et | et | even | — | — | καὶ | even | |||||
οP45 · P75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | super | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
σατανασP45 · P75 | Satan | σατανᾶς | Satan | σατανας | | | satanas | Satanas | Satan | ܥܠ | Satan | Σατανᾶς | Satan | |||||
εφP45 · P75 | against | ἐφ᾽ | against | εφ | | | in | in | against | ܢܦܫܗ | against | ἐφ’ | against | |||||
εαυτονP45 · P75 | himself | ἑαυτὸν | himself | εαυτον | | | se | seipsum | himself | ܐܬܦܠܓ | himself | ἑαυτὸν | himself | |||||
μερισθηP45 · P75 | is divided, | διεμερίσθη, | is divided, | διεμερισθη | | | diuisus | divisus | is divided, | — | — | διεμερίσθη | is divided, | |||||
πωσP45 · P75 | how | πῶς | how | — | | | est | est | how | ܐܝܟܢܐ | how | πῶς | how | |||||
σταθησεταιP45 · P75 | will stand | σταθήσεται | will stand | σταθησεται | | | — | quomodo | will stand | ܬܩܘܡ | will stand | σταθήσεται | will stand | |||||
ηP45 · P75 | the | ἡ | the | η | | | non | — | — | — | — | ἡ | the | |||||
βασιλειαP45 · P75 | kingdom | βασιλεία | kingdom | βασιλεια | | | stabit | stabit | kingdom | ܡܠܟܘܬܗ | kingdom | βασιλεία | kingdom | |||||
αυτουP45 · P75 | of him? | αὐτοῦ; | of him? | αυτου | | | regnum | regnum | of him? | ܕܐܡܪܝܢ | of him? | αὐτοῦ | of him? | |||||
οτιP45 · P75 | For | ὅτι | For | οτι | | | eius | ejus | For | — | — | Ὅτι | For | |||||
λεγετεP45 · P75 | you say | λέγετε | you say | λεγετε | | | quia | quia | you say | ܐܢܬܘܢ | you say | λέγετε | you say | |||||
ενP45 · P75 | by | ἐν | by | εν | | | dicitis | dicitis | by | ܕܒܒܥܠܙܒܘܒ | by | ἐν | by | |||||
βελζεβουλP45 · P75 | Beelzebul | Βεελζεβοὺλ | Beelzebul | βεελζεβουλ | | | eicere | in | Beelzebul | ܡܦܩ | Beelzebul | Βεελζεβοὺλ | Beelzebul | |||||
εκβαλλειP45 · P75 | am casting out | ἐκβάλλειν | am casting out | εκβαλλειν | | | beelzebul | Beelzebub | am casting out | — | — | ἐκβάλλειν | am casting out | |||||
ταP45 · P75 | I | με | I | με | | | me | me | I | ܐܢܐ | I | με | I | |||||
δαιμονιαP45 · P75 | the | τὰ | the | τα | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὰ | the | |||||
δαιμόνια.P45 · P75 | demons. | δαιμόνια. | demons. | δαιμονια | | | daemonia | ejicere | demons. | ܕܝܘܐ | demons. | δαιμόνια | demons. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||