The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
υμεισP66 · P75 | You yourselves | ὑμεῖς | You yourselves | ϋμεις | | | uos | Vos | You yourselves | ܐܢܬܘܢ | You yourselves | Ὑμεῖς | You yourselves | |||||
εκP66 · P75 | of | ἐκ | of | εκ | | | concupiscentias | ex | of | ܡܢ | of | ἐκ | of | |||||
τουP66 · P75 | the | τοῦ | the | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | the | |||||
πατροσP66 · P75 | father | πατρὸς | father | πατρος | | | patre | patre | father | ܐܒܐ | father | πατρὸς | father | |||||
τουP66 · P75 | the | τοῦ | the | του | | | fuit | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | the | |||||
διαβολουP66 · P75 | devil | διαβόλου | devil | διαβολου | | | diauolo | diabolo | devil | ܐܟܠܩܪܨܐ | devil | διαβόλου | devil | |||||
εστεP66 · P75 | are | ἐστὲ | are | εστε | | | estis | estis | are | ܐܝܬܝܟܘܢ | are | ἐστέ | are | |||||
καιP66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | |||||
τασP66 · P75 | the | τὰς | the | τας | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὰς | the | |||||
επιθυμειασP66 · P75 | desires | ἐπιθυμίας | desires | επιθυμειας | | | de | desideria | desires | ܘܪܓܬܗ | desires | ἐπιθυμίας | desires | |||||
τουP66 · P75 | of the | τοῦ | of the | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | of the | |||||
πρσP66 · P75 | father | πατρὸς | father | πατρος | | | patris | patris | father | ܕܐܒܘܟܘܢ | father | πατρὸς | father | |||||
υμωνP66 · P75 | of you | ὑμῶν | of you | ϋμων | | | uestri | vestri | of you | ܨܒܝܢ | of you | ὑμῶν | of you | |||||
θελεταιP66 · P75 | you desire | θέλετε | you desire | θελετε | | | uultis | vultis | you desire | ܐܢܬܘܢ | you desire | θέλετε | you desire | |||||
ποιεινP66 · P75 | to do. | ποιεῖν. | to do. | ποιειν | | | facere | facere | to do. | ܠܡܥܒܕ | to do. | ποιεῖν | to do. | |||||
εκεινοσP66 · P75 | He | ἐκεῖνος | He | εκεινος | | | ille | Ille | He | ܗܘ | He | Ἐκεῖνος | He | |||||
ανθρωποκτονοσP66 · P75 | a murderer | ἀνθρωποκτόνος | a murderer | ανθρωποκτονος | | | homicida | homicida | a murderer | ܕܡܢ | a murderer | ἀνθρωποκτόνος | a murderer | |||||
ηνP66 · P75 | was | ἦν | was | ην | | | stat | erat | was | ܒܪܫܝܬ | was | ἦν | was | |||||
αP66 · P75 | from | ἀπ᾽ | from | απ | | | ab | ab | from | — | — | ἀπ’ | from | |||||
απP66 · P75 | the beginning | ἀρχῆς | the beginning | αρχης | | | initio | initio | the beginning | ܩܛܠ | the beginning | ἀρχῆς | the beginning | |||||
αρχησP66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܐܢܫܐ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
καιP66 · P75 | in | ἐν | in | εν | | | in | in | in | ܗܘ | in | ἐν | in | |||||
ενP66 · P75 | the | τῇ | the | τη | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῇ | the | |||||
τηP66 · P75 | truth | ἀληθείᾳ | truth | αληθεια | | | ueritate | veritate | truth | ܘܒܫܪܪܐ | truth | ἀληθείᾳ | truth | |||||
αληθιαP66 · P75 | not | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | non | non | not | ܠܐ | not | οὐχ | not | |||||
ουκP66 · P75 | it has stood, | ἔστηκεν, | it has stood, | — | | | quoniam | stetit | it has stood, | ܩܐܡ | it has stood, | ἕστηκεν | it has stood, | |||||
εστηκενP66 · P75 | because | ὅτι | because | — | | | — | quia | because | ܡܛܠ | because | ὅτι | because | |||||
οτιP66 · P75 | not | οὐκ | not | — | | | non | non | not | ܕܫܪܪܐ | not | οὐκ | not | |||||
αληθιαP66 · P75 | there is | ἔστιν | there is | εστιν | | | est | est | there is | ܠܝܬ | there is | ἔστιν | there is | |||||
ουκP66 · P75 | truth | ἀλήθεια | truth | — | | | ueritas | veritas | truth | — | — | ἀλήθεια | truth | |||||
εστιP66 · P75 | in | ἐν | in | — | | | in | in | in | ܒܗ | in | ἐν | in | |||||
ενP66 · P75 | him. | αὐτῷ. | him. | — | | | eo | eo | him. | ܐܡܬܝ | him. | αὐτῷ | him. | |||||
αυτωP66 · P75 | Whenever | ὅταν | Whenever | — | | | cum | cum | Whenever | ܕܡܡܠܠ | Whenever | Ὅταν | Whenever | |||||
οτανP66 · P75 | he may speak | λαλῇ | he may speak | — | | | loquitur | loquitur | he may speak | ܟܕܒܘܬܐ | he may speak | λαλῇ | he may speak | |||||
λαληP66 · P75 | <the> | τὸ | <the> | — | | | de | — | — | — | — | τὸ | <the> | |||||
τοP66 · P75 | falsehood, | ψεῦδος, | falsehood, | — | | | mendacium | mendacium | falsehood, | ܡܢ | falsehood, | ψεῦδος | falsehood, | |||||
ψευδοσP66 · P75 | from | ἐκ | from | — | | | — | ex | from | ܕܝܠܗ | from | ἐκ | from | |||||
ψευδοσP66 · P75 | <the> | τῶν | <the> | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | <the> | |||||
εκP66 · P75 | his own | ἰδίων | his own | — | | | suo | propriis | his own | ܗܘ | his own | ἰδίων | his own | |||||
τωνP66 · P75 | he speaks, | λαλεῖ, | he speaks, | — | | | loquitur | loquitur | he speaks, | ܡܡܠܠ | he speaks, | λαλεῖ | he speaks, | |||||
ιδιωνP66 · P75 | for | ὅτι | for | οτι | | | — | quia | for | — | — | ὅτι | for | |||||
λαλειP66 · P75 | a liar | ψεύστης | a liar | — | | | mendax | mendax | a liar | ܡܛܠ | a liar | ψεύστης | a liar | |||||
οτιP66 · P75 | he is | ἐστὶν | he is | εστιν | | | est | est | he is | ܕܕܓܠܐ | he is | ἐστὶν | he is | |||||
ψευστησP66 · P75 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܗܘ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
εστινP66 · P75 | the | ὁ | the | ο | | | quoniam | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | |||||
καιP66 · P75 | father | πατὴρ | father | πατηρ | | | pater | pater | father | ܐܦ | father | πατὴρ | father | |||||
οP66 · P75 | of it. | αὐτοῦ. | of it. | αυτου | | | eius | ejus | of it. | ܐܒܘܗ | of it. | αὐτοῦ | of it. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||