The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
ειπονP75 | They said | εἶπον | They said | ειπον | | | dixerunt | Dixerunt | They said | ܐܡܪܝܢ | They said | Εἶπον | They said | |||||
ουνP75 | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ουν | | | ergo | ergo | therefore | — | — | οὖν | therefore | |||||
προσP75 | to | πρὸς | to | προς | | | ad | ad | to | ܠܗ | to | πρὸς | to | |||||
αυτονP75 | Him; | αὐτόν· | Him; | αυτον | | | illum | eum | Him; | ܡܢܐ | Him; | αὐτόν | Him; | |||||
τιP75 | What | τί | What | τι | | | quid | Quid | What | — | — | Τί | What | |||||
ποιωμενP75 | shall we do | ποιῶμεν | shall we do | — | | | faciamus | faciemus | shall we do | ܢܥܒܕ | shall we do | ποιῶμεν | shall we do | |||||
ιναP75 | that | ἵνα | that | ϊνα | | | ut | ut | that | ܕܢܦܠܘܚ | that | ἵνα | that | |||||
εργαζωμεθαP75 | we may be doing | ἐργαζώμεθα | we may be doing | — | | | operemur | operemur | we may be doing | — | — | ἐργαζώμεθα | we may be doing | |||||
ταP75 | the | τὰ | the | τα | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὰ | the | |||||
εργαP75 | works | ἔργα | works | εργα | | | opera | opera | works | ܥܒܕܐ | works | ἔργα | works | |||||
τουP75 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
θυP75 | of God? | θεοῦ;¶ | of God? | θυ | | | dei | Dei | of God? | ܕܐܠܗܐ | of God? | θεοῦ | of God? | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||