The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
οτεP60 · P66 | When | Ὅτε | When | οτε | | | cum | Cum | When | ܟܕ | When | Ὅτε | When | |||||
ουνP60 · P66 | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ουν | | | ergo | ergo | therefore | ܫܡܥ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | |||||
ηκουσενP60 · P66 | heard | ἤκουσεν | heard | — | | | audisset | audisset | heard | ܕܝܢ | heard | ἤκουσεν | heard | |||||
οP60 · P66 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
πειλατοσP60 · P66 | Pilate | Πιλᾶτος | Pilate | πειλατος | | | pilatus | Pilatus | Pilate | ܦܝܠܛܘܤ | Pilate | Πιλάτος | Pilate | |||||
τουτονP60 · P66 | this | τοῦτον | this | τουτον | | | hunc | hunc | this | ܗܕܐ | this | τοῦτον | this | |||||
τονP60 · P66 | <the> | τὸν | <the> | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | <the> | |||||
λογονP60 · P66 | word | λόγον | word | — | | | sermonem | sermonem | word | ܡܠܬܐ | word | λόγον | word | |||||
μαλλονP60 · P66 | the more | μᾶλλον | the more | μαλλον | | | magis | magis | the more | ܝܬܝܪܐܝܬ | the more | μᾶλλον | the more | |||||
εφοβηθηP60 · P66 | he was afraid | ἐφοβήθη | he was afraid | εφοβηθη | | | timuit | timuit | he was afraid | ܕܚܠ | he was afraid | ἐφοβήθη | he was afraid | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||