Urevangelium

Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.

Translation Lineage

Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.

Greek Papyri			Alexandrian		Western			Latin		Syriac		Byzantine
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT			Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT		Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin			Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker		Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith		Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT
κλοπαP121 · P60 · P66		Had been standing	Εἱστήκεισαν	Had been standing	ϊστηκεισαν	\|	stabant	Stabant	Had been standing	ܩܝܡܢ	Had been standing	Εἱστήκεισαν	Had been standing
καιP121 · P60 · P66		however	δὲ	however	δε	\|	autem	autem	however	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	however
μαριαP121 · P60 · P66		by	παρὰ	by	παρα	\|	iuxta	juxta	by	ܕܝܢ	by	παρὰ	by
ηP121 · P60 · P66		the	τῷ	the	τω	\|	ihu	—	—	—	—	τῷ	the
μαγδαληνηP121 · P60 · P66		cross	σταυρῷ	cross	σταυρω	\|	crucem	crucem	cross	ܠܘܬ	cross	σταυρῷ	cross
τοῦP121 · P60 · P66		<the>	τοῦ	<the>	του	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	<the>
ἸησοῦP121 · P60 · P66		of Jesus	Ἰησοῦ	of Jesus	—	\|	—	Jesu	of Jesus	—	—	Ἰησοῦ	of Jesus
ἡP121 · P60 · P66		the	ἡ	the	η	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ἡ	the
μήτηρP121 · P60 · P66		mother	μήτηρ	mother	μητηρ	\|	mater	mater	mother	ܙܩܝܦܗ	mother	μήτηρ	mother
αὐτοῦP121 · P60 · P66		of Him	αὐτοῦ	of Him	αυτου	\|	eius	ejus	of Him	ܕܝܫܘܥ	of Him	αὐτοῦ	of Him
καὶP121 · P60 · P66		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܐܡܗ	and	καὶ	and
ἡP121 · P60 · P66		the	ἡ	the	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ἡ	the
ἀδελφὴP121 · P60 · P66		sister	ἀδελφὴ	sister	αδελφη	\|	soror	soror	sister	ܘܚܬܗ	sister	ἀδελφὴ	sister
τῆςP121 · P60 · P66		of the	τῆς	of the	της	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τῆς	of the
μητρὸςP121 · P60 · P66		mother	μητρὸς	mother	μητρος	\|	matris	matris	mother	ܕܐܡܗ	mother	μητρὸς	mother
αὐτοῦ,P121 · P60 · P66		of Him,	αὐτοῦ,	of Him,	αυτου	\|	eius	ejus	of Him,	ܘܡܪܝܡ	of Him,	αὐτοῦ	of Him,
ΜαρίαP121 · P60 · P66		Mary	Μαρία	Mary	μαρια	\|	maria	Maria	Mary	—	—	Μαρία	Mary
ἡP121 · P60 · P66		the wife	ἡ	the wife	η	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ἡ	the wife
τοῦP121 · P60 · P66		<the>	τοῦ	<the>	του	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	<the>
ΚλωπᾶP121 · P60 · P66		of Clopas	Κλωπᾶ	of Clopas	κλωπα	\|	cleopę	Cleophæ	of Clopas	ܗܝ	of Clopas	Κλωπᾶ	of Clopas
καὶP121 · P60 · P66		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܕܩܠܝܘܦܐ	and	καὶ	and
ΜαρίαP121 · P60 · P66		Mary	Μαρία	Mary	μαρια	\|	maria	Maria	Mary	ܘܡܪܝܡ	Mary	Μαρία	Mary
ἡP121 · P60 · P66		<the>	ἡ	<the>	η	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ἡ	<the>
Μαγδαληνή.¶P121 · P60 · P66		Magdalene.	Μαγδαληνή.¶	Magdalene.	μαγδαληνη	\|	magdalene	Magdalene	Magdalene.	ܡܓܕܠܝܬܐ	Magdalene.	Μαγδαληνή	Magdalene.
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Trace Your New Testament Back to the Gospel Sources

See how the Four Gospels in the Bible you read today connect to the Greek, Latin, Syriac, and Byzantine witnesses shown above.

Greek Papyri	Alexandrian	Western	Latin	Byzantine
κλοπαP121 · P60 · P66		Had been standing	Εἱστήκεισαν	Had been standing	ϊστηκεισαν	\|	stabant	Stabant	Had been standing	ܩܝܡܢ	Had been standing	Εἱστήκεισαν	Had been standing
καιP121 · P60 · P66		however	δὲ	however	δε	\|	autem	autem	however	ܕܝܢ	but	δὲ	however
μαριαP121 · P60 · P66		by	παρὰ	by	παρα	\|	iuxta	juxta	by	ܕܝܢ	by	παρὰ	by
ηP121 · P60 · P66		the	τῷ	the	τω	\|	ihu	—	—	—	—	τῷ	the
μαγδαληνηP121 · P60 · P66		cross	σταυρῷ	cross	σταυρω	\|	crucem	crucem	cross	ܠܘܬ	cross	σταυρῷ	cross
τοῦP121 · P60 · P66		<the>	τοῦ	<the>	του	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	<the>
ἸησοῦP121 · P60 · P66		of Jesus	Ἰησοῦ	of Jesus	—	\|	—	Jesu	of Jesus	—	—	Ἰησοῦ	of Jesus
ἡP121 · P60 · P66		the	ἡ	the	η	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ἡ	the
μήτηρP121 · P60 · P66		mother	μήτηρ	mother	μητηρ	\|	mater	mater	mother	ܙܩܝܦܗ	mother	μήτηρ	mother
αὐτοῦP121 · P60 · P66		of Him	αὐτοῦ	of Him	αυτου	\|	eius	ejus	of Him	ܕܝܫܘܥ	of Him	αὐτοῦ	of Him
καὶP121 · P60 · P66		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܐܡܗ	and	καὶ	and
ἡP121 · P60 · P66		the	ἡ	the	—	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ἡ	the
ἀδελφὴP121 · P60 · P66		sister	ἀδελφὴ	sister	αδελφη	\|	soror	soror	sister	ܘܚܬܗ	sister	ἀδελφὴ	sister
τῆςP121 · P60 · P66		of the	τῆς	of the	της	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τῆς	of the
μητρὸςP121 · P60 · P66		mother	μητρὸς	mother	μητρος	\|	matris	matris	mother	ܕܐܡܗ	mother	μητρὸς	mother
αὐτοῦ,P121 · P60 · P66		of Him,	αὐτοῦ,	of Him,	αυτου	\|	eius	ejus	of Him,	ܘܡܪܝܡ	of Him,	αὐτοῦ	of Him,
ΜαρίαP121 · P60 · P66		Mary	Μαρία	Mary	μαρια	\|	maria	Maria	Mary	—	—	Μαρία	Mary
ἡP121 · P60 · P66		the wife	ἡ	the wife	η	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ἡ	the wife
τοῦP121 · P60 · P66		<the>	τοῦ	<the>	του	\|	—	—	—	—	—	τοῦ	<the>
ΚλωπᾶP121 · P60 · P66		of Clopas	Κλωπᾶ	of Clopas	κλωπα	\|	cleopę	Cleophæ	of Clopas	ܗܝ	of Clopas	Κλωπᾶ	of Clopas
καὶP121 · P60 · P66		and	καὶ	and	και	\|	et	et	and	ܕܩܠܝܘܦܐ	and	καὶ	and
ΜαρίαP121 · P60 · P66		Mary	Μαρία	Mary	μαρια	\|	maria	Maria	Mary	ܘܡܪܝܡ	Mary	Μαρία	Mary
ἡP121 · P60 · P66		<the>	ἡ	<the>	η	\|	—	—	—	—	—	ἡ	<the>
Μαγδαληνή.¶P121 · P60 · P66		Magdalene.	Μαγδαληνή.¶	Magdalene.	μαγδαληνη	\|	magdalene	Magdalene	Magdalene.	ܡܓܕܠܝܬܐ	Magdalene.	Μαγδαληνή	Magdalene.
	Next Verse Available
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Greek Papyri

Alexandrian

Western

Latin

Syriac

Byzantine

Earliest Papyri

c. 125–250 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Vaticanus

c. 325 CE · Greek

TAGNT

Bezae

c. 400 CE · Greek

Latin

Vulgate

c. 400 CE · Latin

Whitaker

Peshitta

c. 400–450 CE · Syriac

PayneSmith

Byzantine

c. 5th–9th c. · Greek

TAGNT

κλοπαP121 · P60 · P66

Had been standing

Εἱστήκεισαν

Had been standing

ϊστηκεισαν

stabant

Stabant

Had been standing

ܩܝܡܢ

Had been standing

Εἱστήκεισαν

Had been standing

καιP121 · P60 · P66

however

δὲ

however

δε

autem

however

ܕܝܢ

but

δὲ

however

μαριαP121 · P60 · P66

παρὰ

παρα

iuxta

juxta

ܕܝܢ

παρὰ

ηP121 · P60 · P66

the

τῷ

the

τω

ihu

—

τῷ

the

μαγδαληνηP121 · P60 · P66

cross

σταυρῷ

cross

σταυρω

crucem

cross

ܠܘܬ

cross

σταυρῷ

cross

τοῦP121 · P60 · P66

<the>

τοῦ

<the>

του

—

τοῦ

<the>

ἸησοῦP121 · P60 · P66

of Jesus

Ἰησοῦ

of Jesus

—

Jesu

of Jesus

—

Ἰησοῦ

of Jesus

ἡP121 · P60 · P66

the

ἡ

the

—

ἡ

the

μήτηρP121 · P60 · P66

mother

μήτηρ

mother

μητηρ

mater

mother

ܙܩܝܦܗ

mother

μήτηρ

mother

αὐτοῦP121 · P60 · P66

of Him

αὐτοῦ

of Him

αυτου

eius

ejus

of Him

ܕܝܫܘܥ

of Him

αὐτοῦ

of Him

καὶP121 · P60 · P66

and

καὶ

and

και

and

ܐܡܗ

and

καὶ

and

ἡP121 · P60 · P66

the

ἡ

the

—

ἡ

the

ἀδελφὴP121 · P60 · P66

sister

ἀδελφὴ

sister

αδελφη

soror

sister

ܘܚܬܗ

sister

ἀδελφὴ

sister

τῆςP121 · P60 · P66

of the

τῆς

of the

της

—

τῆς

of the

μητρὸςP121 · P60 · P66

mother

μητρὸς

mother

μητρος

matris

mother

ܕܐܡܗ

mother

μητρὸς

mother

αὐτοῦ,P121 · P60 · P66

of Him,

αὐτοῦ,

of Him,

αυτου

eius

ejus

of Him,

ܘܡܪܝܡ

of Him,

αὐτοῦ

of Him,

ΜαρίαP121 · P60 · P66

Mary

Μαρία

Mary

μαρια

maria

Maria

Mary

—

Μαρία

Mary

ἡP121 · P60 · P66

the wife

ἡ

the wife

—

ἡ

the wife

τοῦP121 · P60 · P66

<the>

τοῦ

<the>

του

—

τοῦ

<the>

ΚλωπᾶP121 · P60 · P66

of Clopas

Κλωπᾶ

of Clopas

κλωπα

cleopę

Cleophæ

of Clopas

ܗܝ

of Clopas

Κλωπᾶ

of Clopas

καὶP121 · P60 · P66

and

καὶ

and

και

and

ܕܩܠܝܘܦܐ

and

καὶ

and

ΜαρίαP121 · P60 · P66

Mary

Μαρία

Mary

μαρια

maria

Maria

Mary

ܘܡܪܝܡ

Mary

Μαρία

Mary

ἡP121 · P60 · P66

<the>

ἡ

<the>

—

ἡ

<the>

Μαγδαληνή.¶P121 · P60 · P66

Magdalene.

Μαγδαληνή.¶

Magdalene.

μαγδαληνη

magdalene

Magdalene

Magdalene.

ܡܓܕܠܝܬܐ

Magdalene.

Μαγδαληνή

Magdalene.

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John 19:25

Translation Lineage

Urevangelium

John 19:25

Translation Lineage