The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
οιP60 · P66 | The | Οἱ | The | οι | | | — | — | — | — | — | Οἱ | The | |||||
ουνP60 · P66 | then | οὖν | then | ουν | | | milites | Milites | then | ܐܤܛܪܛܝܘܛܐ | then | οὖν | then | |||||
στρατιωταιP60 · P66 | soldiers, | στρατιῶται, | soldiers, | στρατιωται | | | ergo | ergo | soldiers, | ܕܝܢ | soldiers, | στρατιῶται | soldiers, | |||||
οτεP60 · P66 | when | ὅτε | when | οτε | | | cum | cum | when | ܟܕ | when | ὅτε | when | |||||
εσταυρωσανP60 · P66 | they crucified | ἐσταύρωσαν | they crucified | εσταυρωσαν | | | crucifixissent | crucifixissent | they crucified | ܙܩܦܘܗܝ | they crucified | ἐσταύρωσαν | they crucified | |||||
τονP60 · P66 | <the> | τὸν | <the> | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | <the> | |||||
ινP60 · P66 | Jesus, | Ἰησοῦν, | Jesus, | ιν | | | eum | eum | Jesus, | ܠܝܫܘܥ | Jesus, | Ἰησοῦν | Jesus, | |||||
ελαβονP60 · P66 | took | ἔλαβον | took | ελαβον | | | acceperunt | acceperunt | took | ܫܩܠܘ | took | ἔλαβον | took | |||||
ταP60 · P66 | the | τὰ | the | τα | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὰ | the | |||||
ιματιαP60 · P66 | garments | ἱμάτια | garments | ειματια | | | uestimenta | vestimenta | garments | — | — | ἱμάτια | garments | |||||
αυτουP60 · P66 | of Him | αὐτοῦ | of Him | αυτου | | | eius | ejus | of Him | ܢܚܬܘܗܝ | of Him | αὐτοῦ | of Him | |||||
καιP60 · P66 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܘܥܒܕܘ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
εποιησανP60 · P66 | made | ἐποίησαν | made | — | | | fecerunt | fecerunt | made | ܠܐܪܒܥ | made | ἐποίησαν | made | |||||
τεσσεραP60 · P66 | four | τέσσαρα | four | τεσσαρα | | | quartuor | quatuor | four | ܡܢܘܢ | four | τέσσαρα | four | |||||
μερηP60 · P66 | parts, | μέρη, | parts, | μερη | | | partes | partes | parts, | ܡܢܬܐ | parts, | μέρη | parts, | |||||
εκαστωP60 · P66 | to each | ἑκάστῳ | to each | εκαστω | | | — | — | — | ܠܚܕ | to each | ἑκάστῳ | to each | |||||
στρατιωτηP60 · P66 | soldier | στρατιώτῃ | soldier | στρατιωτη | | | unicuique | unicuique | soldier | ܡܢ | soldier | στρατιώτῃ | soldier | |||||
μεροσP60 · P66 | a part, | μέρος, | a part, | μερος | | | militi | militi | a part, | ܐܤܛܪܛܝܘܛܐ | a part, | μέρος | a part, | |||||
καιP60 · P66 | and also | καὶ | and also | και | | | partem | partem | and also | ܟܘܬܝܢܗ | and also | καὶ | and also | |||||
τονP60 · P66 | the | τὸν | the | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | |||||
χιτωναP60 · P66 | tunic. | χιτῶνα. | tunic. | χιτωνα | | | et | et | tunic. | ܕܝܢ | tunic. | χιτῶνα | tunic. | |||||
ηνP60 · P66 | Was | ἦν | Was | ῆν | | | tunicam | tunicam | Was | ܐܝܬܝܗ | Was | Ἦν | Was | |||||
δεP60 · P66 | now | δὲ | now | δε | | | erat | Erat | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
οP60 · P66 | the | ὁ | the | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | the | |||||
χιτωνP60 · P66 | tunic | χιτὼν | tunic | — | | | autem | autem | tunic | — | — | χιτὼν | tunic | |||||
αραφοσP60 · P66 | seamless, | ἄραφος, | seamless, | αραφος | | | tunica | tunica | seamless, | ܕܠܐ | seamless, | ἄραφος | seamless, | |||||
εκP60 · P66 | from | ἐκ | from | εκ | | | inconsutilis | inconsutilis | from | ܚܝܛܐ | from | ἐκ | from | |||||
τωνP60 · P66 | the | τῶν | the | των | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | the | |||||
ανοθεP60 · P66 | top | ἄνωθεν | top | ανωθεν | | | desuper | desuper | top | ܡܢ | top | ἄνωθεν | top | |||||
υφαντοσP60 · P66 | woven | ὑφαντὸς | woven | ϋφαντος | | | contexta | contexta | woven | ܠܥܠ | woven | ὑφαντὸς | woven | |||||
διP60 · P66 | throughout | δι᾽ | throughout | δι | | | per | per | throughout | ܙܩܝܪܬܐ | throughout | δι’ | throughout | |||||
ολουP60 · P66 | all. | ὅλου. | all. | ολου | | | totum | totum | all. | ܟܠܗ | all. | ὅλου | all. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||