The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
οP60 · P66 | <the> | Ὁ | <the> | ο | | | autem | — | — | — | — | Ὁ | <the> | |||||
ουP60 · P66 | Therefore | οὖν | Therefore | ουν | | | pilatus | Pilatus | Therefore | ܟܕ | Therefore | οὖν | Therefore | |||||
πειλατοσP60 · P66 | Pilate | Πιλᾶτος | Pilate | πειλατος | | | ergo | autem | Pilate | ܫܡܥ | Pilate | Πιλάτος | Pilate | |||||
ακουσασP60 · P66 | having heard | ἀκούσας | having heard | ακουσας | | | cum | cum | having heard | ܕܝܢ | having heard | ἀκούσας | having heard | |||||
τωνP60 · P66 | <the> | τῶν | <the> | — | | | gabbatha | — | — | — | — | τοῦτον | <the> | |||||
λογωνP60 · P66 | words | λόγων | words | — | | | audisset | audisset | words | ܦܝܠܛܘܤ | words | τὸν | words | |||||
τουτωνP60 · P66 | these | τούτων | these | τουτων | | | hos | hos | these | ܗܕܐ | these | λόγον | these | |||||
ηγαγενP60 · P66 | brought | ἤγαγεν | brought | — | | | sermones | sermones | brought | ܡܠܬܐ | brought | ἤγαγεν | brought | |||||
εξωP60 · P66 | out | ἔξω | out | — | | | adduxit | adduxit | out | ܐܦܩܗ | out | ἔξω | out | |||||
τονP60 · P66 | <the> | τὸν | <the> | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | <the> | |||||
ινP60 · P66 | Jesus | Ἰησοῦν | Jesus | ιν | | | foras | foras | Jesus | ܠܝܫܘܥ | Jesus | Ἰησοῦν | Jesus | |||||
καιP60 · P66 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | ihm | Jesum | and | ܠܒܪ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
εκαθισενP60 · P66 | sat down | ἐκάθισεν | sat down | εκαθεισεν | | | et | et | sat down | ܘܝܬܒ | sat down | ἐκάθισεν | sat down | |||||
επιP60 · P66 | upon | ἐπὶ | upon | επι | | | sedit | sedit | upon | ܥܠ | upon | ἐπὶ | upon | |||||
βηματοσP60 · P66 | of the | τοῦ | of the | — | | | que | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | of the | |||||
εισP60 · P66 | judgment seat | βήματος | judgment seat | βηματος | | | pro | pro | judgment seat | ܒܝܡ | judgment seat | βήματος | judgment seat | |||||
τοπονP60 · P66 | at | εἰς | at | εις | | | tribunali | tribunali | at | ܒܕܘܟܬܐ | at | εἰς | at | |||||
λεγομενονP60 · P66 | a place | τόπον | a place | τοπον | | | in | in | a place | ܕܡܬܩܪܝܐ | a place | τόπον | a place | |||||
λιθοστρωτονP60 · P66 | being named | λεγόμενον | being named | λεγομενον | | | loco | loco | being named | ܪܨܝܦܬܐ | being named | λεγόμενον | being named | |||||
εβραιστιP60 · P66 | the Stone Pavement, | Λιθόστρωτον, | the Stone Pavement, | λιθοστρωτον | | | — | qui | the Stone Pavement, | ܕܟܐܦܐ | the Stone Pavement, | Λιθόστρωτον | the Stone Pavement, | |||||
δεP60 · P66 | in Hebrew | Ἑβραϊστὶ | in Hebrew | εβραϊστι | | | dicitur | dicitur | in Hebrew | ܥܒܪܐܝܬ | in Hebrew | Ἑβραϊστὶ | in Hebrew | |||||
λεγομενP60 · P66 | now | δὲ | now | — | | | lithostrotus | Lithostrotos | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
ουνP60 · P66 | Gabbatha. | Γαββαθα. | Gabbatha. | γαββαθα | | | haebraice | hebraice | Gabbatha. | ܡܬܐܡܪܐ | Gabbatha. | Γαββαθᾶ | Gabbatha. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||