The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
εστιP60 · P66 · P90 | It is | ἔστιν | It is | εστιν | | | est | Est | It is | ܥܝܕܐ | It is | Ἔστιν | It is | |||||
δεP60 · P66 · P90 | however | δὲ | however | δε | | | autem | autem | however | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | however | |||||
συνηθειαP60 · P66 · P90 | a custom | συνήθεια | a custom | — | | | consuetudo | consuetudo | a custom | ܐܝܬ | a custom | συνήθεια | a custom | |||||
υμινP60 · P66 · P90 | with you | ὑμῖν | with you | ϋμιν | | | uobis | vobis | with you | ܠܟܘܢ | with you | ὑμῖν | with you | |||||
ιναP60 · P66 · P90 | that | ἵνα | that | ϊνα | | | ut | ut | that | ܕܚܕ | that | ἵνα | that | |||||
εναP60 · P66 · P90 | one | ἕνα | one | ενα | | | unum | unum | one | ܐܫܪܐ | one | ἕνα | one | |||||
απολυσωP60 · P66 · P90 | I may release | ἀπολύσω | I may release | απολυσω | | | dimittam | dimittam | I may release | ܠܟܘܢ | I may release | ὑμῖν | I may release | |||||
υμινP60 · P66 · P90 | to you | ὑμῖν | to you | ϋμιν | | | uobis | vobis | to you | ܒܦܨܚܐ | to you | ἀπολύσω | to you | |||||
ενP60 · P66 · P90 | at | ἐν | at | εν | | | in | in | at | ܨܒܝܢ | at | ἐν | at | |||||
τωP60 · P66 · P90 | the | τῷ | the | τω | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῷ | the | |||||
πασχαP60 · P66 · P90 | Passover; | πάσχα· | Passover; | πασχα | | | pascha | Pascha | Passover; | ܐܢܬܘܢ | Passover; | Πάσχα | Passover; | |||||
βουλεσθεP60 · P66 · P90 | wish you | βούλεσθε | wish you | — | | | uultis | vultis | wish you | ܗܟܝܠ | wish you | βούλεσθε | wish you | |||||
ουνP60 · P66 · P90 | therefore | οὖν | therefore | ουν | | | ergo | ergo | therefore | ܐܫܪܐ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | |||||
απολυσωP60 · P66 · P90 | I may release | ἀπολύσω | I may release | απολυσω | | | dimittam | dimittam | I may release | ܠܟܘܢ | I may release | ὑμῖν | I may release | |||||
υμινP60 · P66 · P90 | to you | ὑμῖν | to you | ϋμιν | | | uobis | vobis | to you | ܠܗܢܐ | to you | ἀπολύσω | to you | |||||
τονP60 · P66 · P90 | the | τὸν | the | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | |||||
βασιλεαP60 · P66 · P90 | King | βασιλέα | King | βασιλεα | | | regem | regem | King | ܡܠܟܐ | King | βασιλέα | King | |||||
τωνP60 · P66 · P90 | of the | τῶν | of the | των | | | — | — | — | — | — | τῶν | of the | |||||
ιουδαιωνP60 · P66 · P90 | Jews? | Ἰουδαίων; | Jews? | ιουδαιων | | | iudaeorum | Judæorum | Jews? | ܕܝܗܘܕܝܐ | Jews? | Ἰουδαίων | Jews? | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||