The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
αγουσινP60 · P66 | They are leading | Ἄγουσιν | They are leading | αγουσιν | | | adducunt | Adducunt | They are leading | ܐܝܬܝܘܗܝ | They are leading | Ἄγουσιν | They are leading | |||||
ουνP60 · P66 | then | οὖν | then | ουν | | | ergo | ergo | then | ܕܝܢ | then | οὖν | then | |||||
τονP60 · P66 | <the> | τὸν | <the> | τον | | | pretorium | — | — | — | — | τὸν | <the> | |||||
ινP60 · P66 | Jesus | Ἰησοῦν | Jesus | ιν | | | ihm | Jesum | Jesus | ܠܝܫܘܥ | Jesus | Ἰησοῦν | Jesus | |||||
αποP60 · P66 | from | ἀπὸ | from | απο | | | a | a | from | — | — | ἀπὸ | from | |||||
τουP60 · P66 | <the> | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | <the> | |||||
καιαφαP60 · P66 | Caiaphas | Καϊάφα | Caiaphas | — | | | caipha | Caipha | Caiaphas | ܡܢ | Caiaphas | Καϊάφα | Caiaphas | |||||
εισP60 · P66 | into | εἰς | into | εις | | | in | in | into | ܠܘܬ | into | εἰς | into | |||||
τοP60 · P66 | the | τὸ | the | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | |||||
πραιτωριονP60 · P66 | Praetorium; | πραιτώριον· | Praetorium; | πραιτωριον | | | — | prætorium | Praetorium; | ܩܝܦܐ | Praetorium; | πραιτώριον | Praetorium; | |||||
ηνP60 · P66 | It was | ἦν | It was | ῆν | | | erat | Erat | It was | ܠܦܪܛܘܪܝܢ | It was | ἦν | It was | |||||
δεP60 · P66 | now | δὲ | now | δε | | | autem | autem | now | ܕܝܢ | but | δὲ | now | |||||
πρωιP60 · P66 | early. | πρωΐ. | early. | πρωϊ | | | mane | mane | early. | ܘܐܝܬܘܗܝ | early. | πρωΐ | early. | |||||
καιP60 · P66 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܗܘܐ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
αυτοιP60 · P66 | they themselves | αὐτοὶ | they themselves | αυτοι | | | ipsi | ipsi | they themselves | ܨܦܪܐ | they themselves | αὐτοὶ | they themselves | |||||
ουκP60 · P66 | not | οὐκ | not | ουκ | | | non | non | not | ܘܗܢܘܢ | not | οὐκ | not | |||||
εισηλθονP60 · P66 | entered | εἰσῆλθον | entered | εισηλθον | | | introierunt | introierunt | entered | ܠܐ | entered | εἰσῆλθον | entered | |||||
εισP60 · P66 | into | εἰς | into | εις | | | in | in | into | — | — | εἰς | into | |||||
τοP60 · P66 | the | τὸ | the | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | |||||
πραιτωριονP60 · P66 | Praetorium | πραιτώριον, | Praetorium | πραιτωριον | | | — | prætorium | Praetorium | ܥܠܘ | Praetorium | πραιτώριον | Praetorium | |||||
ιναP60 · P66 | so that | ἵνα | so that | ινα | | | ut | ut | so that | ܠܦܪܛܘܪܝܢ | so that | ἵνα | so that | |||||
μηP60 · P66 | not | μὴ | not | μη | | | non | non | not | ܕܠܐ | not | μὴ | not | |||||
μιανθωσινP60 · P66 | they may be defiled | μιανθῶσιν | they may be defiled | μιανθωσιν | | | contaminarentur | contaminarentur | they may be defiled | ܢܬܛܘܫܘܢ | they may be defiled | μιανθῶσιν | they may be defiled | |||||
αλλαP60 · P66 | but | ἀλλὰ | but | αλλα | | | sed | sed | but | ܐܠܐ | but | ἀλλ’ | but | |||||
φαγωσινP60 · P66 | so that | ἵνα | so that | — | | | — | ut | so that | ܥܕ | so that | ἵνα | so that | |||||
τοP60 · P66 | may eat | φάγωσιν | may eat | φαγωσιν | | | manducarent | manducarent | may eat | ܐܟܠܝܢ | may eat | φάγωσιν | may eat | |||||
πασχαP60 · P66 | the | τὸ | the | το | | | pretorium | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | |||||
πάσχα.P60 · P66 | Passover. | πάσχα. | Passover. | πασχα | | | pascha | Pascha | Passover. | ܦܨܚܐ | Passover. | Πάσχα | Passover. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||