The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
νυνP22 · P5 · P60 · P66 | Now | νῦν | Now | νυν | | | nunc | nunc | Now | ܗܫܐ | Now | Νῦν | Now | |||||
οιδαμενP22 · P5 · P60 · P66 | we know | οἴδαμεν | we know | οιδαμεν | | | cognouimus | scimus | we know | ܝܕܥܝܢ | we know | οἴδαμεν | we know | |||||
οτιP22 · P5 · P60 · P66 | that | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | quia | quia | that | ܚܢܢ | that | ὅτι | that | |||||
οιδασP22 · P5 · P60 · P66 | You know | οἶδας | You know | οιδας | | | scis | scis | You know | ܕܟܠ | You know | οἶδας | You know | |||||
πανταP22 · P5 · P60 · P66 | all things | πάντα | all things | παντα | | | omnia | omnia | all things | ܡܕܡ | all things | πάντα | all things | |||||
καιP22 · P5 · P60 · P66 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | — | — | καὶ | and | |||||
ουP22 · P5 · P60 · P66 | not | οὐ | not | ου | | | non | non | not | ܝܕܥ | not | οὐ | not | |||||
χρειανP22 · P5 · P60 · P66 | need | χρείαν | need | χρειαν | | | opus | opus | need | ܐܢܬ | need | χρείαν | need | |||||
εχεισP22 · P5 · P60 · P66 | have | ἔχεις | have | εχεις | | | habet | est | have | ܘܠܐ | have | ἔχεις | have | |||||
ιναP22 · P5 · P60 · P66 | that | ἵνα | that | ϊνα | | | — | tibi | that | ܤܢܝܩ | that | ἵνα | that | |||||
τισP22 · P5 · P60 · P66 | anyone | τίς | anyone | τις | | | ut | ut | anyone | ܐܢܬ | anyone | τίς | anyone | |||||
σεP22 · P5 · P60 · P66 | You | σε | You | σε | | | quoniam | quis | You | ܕܐܢܫ | You | σε | You | |||||
ερωταP22 · P5 · P60 · P66 | may ask. | ἐρωτᾷ. | may ask. | ερωτα | | | te | te | may ask. | ܢܫܐܠܟ | may ask. | ἐρωτᾷ | may ask. | |||||
ενP22 · P5 · P60 · P66 | In | ἐν | In | εν | | | interroget | interroget | In | ܒܗܕܐ | In | ἐν | In | |||||
τουτωP22 · P5 · P60 · P66 | this | τούτῳ | this | τουτω | | | in | in | this | — | — | τούτῳ | this | |||||
πιστευομενP22 · P5 · P60 · P66 | we believe | πιστεύομεν | we believe | πιστευομεν | | | hocredimus | hoc | we believe | ܡܗܝܡܢܝܢ | we believe | πιστεύομεν | we believe | |||||
οτιP22 · P5 · P60 · P66 | that | ὅτι | that | οτι | | | a | credimus | that | ܚܢܢ | that | ὅτι | that | |||||
αποP22 · P5 · P60 · P66 | from | ἀπὸ | from | — | | | existi | quia | from | ܕܡܢ | from | ἀπὸ | from | |||||
θυP22 · P5 · P60 · P66 | God | θεοῦ | God | θυ | | | aliquis | a | God | ܐܠܗܐ | God | θεοῦ | God | |||||
εξηλθεσP22 · P5 · P60 · P66 | You came forth. | ἐξῆλθες. | You came forth. | εξηλθες | | | deo | Deo | You came forth. | ܢܦܩܬ | You came forth. | ἐξῆλθες | You came forth. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||