The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
| — | Ἀμὴν | Amen | αμην | | | amen | Amen | Amen | ܐܡܝܢ | truly | Ἀμὴν | Amen | ||||||
| — | λέγω | I say | λεγω | | | dico | dico | I say | ܐܡܪ | I say | λέγω | I say | ||||||
| — | ὑμῖν | to you | ϋμειν | | | uobis | vobis | to you | — | — | ὑμῖν | to you | ||||||
| — | ὅτι | that | — | | | sunt | sunt | that | ܐܢܐ | that | εἰσίν | that | ||||||
| — | εἰσίν | there are | εισιν | | | quidam | quidam | there are | ܠܟܘܢ | there are | τινες | there are | ||||||
| — | τινες | some | τινες | | | — | — | — | ܕܐܝܬ | some | ὧδε | some | ||||||
| — | τῶν | of those | των | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἑστῶτες | of those | ||||||
| — | ὧδε | here | ωδε | | | de | de | here | — | — | οἵτινες | here | ||||||
| — | ἑστώτων | already standing | εστωτων | | | hic | hic | already standing | ܐܢܫܐ | already standing | οὐ | already standing | ||||||
| — | οἵτινες | who | οιτινες | | | stantibus | stantibus | who | ܕܩܝܡܝܢ | who | μὴ | who | ||||||
| — | οὐ | certainly | ου | | | qui | qui | certainly | ܬܢܢ | certainly | γεύσωνται | certainly | ||||||
| — | μὴ | not | μη | | | non | non | not | — | — | θανάτου | not | ||||||
| — | γεύσωνται | shall taste | γευσωνται | | | gustabunt | gustabunt | shall taste | ܕܠܐ | shall taste | ἕως | shall taste | ||||||
| — | θανάτου | of death | θανατου | | | mortem | mortem | of death | ܢܛܥܡܘܢ | of death | ἂν | of death | ||||||
| — | ἕως | until | εως | | | donec | donec | until | ܡܘܬܐ | until | ἴδωσιν | until | ||||||
| — | ἂν | when | αν | | | uideant | videant | when | ܥܕܡܐ | when | τὸν | when | ||||||
| — | ἴδωσιν | they may have seen | ειδωσιν | | | filium | Filium | they may have seen | — | — | υἱὸν | they may have seen | ||||||
| — | τὸν | the | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τοῦ | the | ||||||
| — | υἱὸν | Son | ϋιον | | | — | — | — | ܕܢܚܙܘܢ | Son | ἀνθρώπου | Son | ||||||
| — | τοῦ | <the> | του | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἐρχόμενον | <the> | ||||||
| — | ἀνθρώπου | of Man | ανθρωπου | | | hominis | hominis | of Man | ܠܒܪܗ | of Man | ἐν | of Man | ||||||
| — | ἐρχόμενον | coming | ερχομενον | | | uenientem | venientem | coming | ܕܐܢܫܐ | coming | τῇ | coming | ||||||
| — | ἐν | in | εν | | | in | in | in | — | — | βασιλείᾳ | in | ||||||
| — | τῇ | the | τη | | | — | — | — | — | — | αὐτοῦ | the | ||||||
| — | βασιλείᾳ | kingdom | βασιλεια | | | regno | regno | kingdom | ܕܐܬܐ | kingdom | βασιλείᾳ | kingdom | ||||||
| — | αὐτοῦ.¶ | of Him. | αυτου | | | suo | suo | of Him. | ܒܡܠܟܘܬܗ | of Him. | αὐτοῦ.¶ | of Him. | ||||||
| Next Fragment: Matt 17:1 | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||