The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
λεγειP66 | Says | λέγει | Says | λεγει | | | dicit | Dicit | Says | ܐܡܪ | Says | Λέγει | Says | |||||
αυτωP66 | to him | αὐτῷ | to him | αυτω | | | illi | ei | to him | ܠܗ | to him | αὐτῷ | to him | |||||
ισP66 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
εγωP66 | Jesus; | Ἰησοῦς· | Jesus; | — | | | ihs | Jesus | Jesus; | ܝܫܘܥ | Jesus; | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus; | |||||
ειμιP66 | I myself | ἐγώ | I myself | εγω | | | ego | Ego | I myself | ܐܢܐ | I myself | Ἐγώ | I myself | |||||
ηP66 | am | εἰμι | am | ειμι | | | sum | sum | am | — | — | εἰμι | am | |||||
οδοσP66 | the | ἡ | the | η | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἡ | the | |||||
καιP66 | way | ὁδὸς | way | οδος | | | uia | via | way | ܐܢܐ | way | ὁδὸς | way | |||||
ηP66 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | et | et | and | ܐܘܪܚܐ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
αληθιαP66 | the | ἡ | the | η | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἡ | the | |||||
καιP66 | truth | ἀλήθεια | truth | αληθεια | | | ueritas | veritas | truth | ܘܫܪܪܐ | truth | ἀλήθεια | truth | |||||
ηP66 | and | καὶ | and | και | | | — | — | — | ܘܚܝܐ | and | καὶ | and | |||||
ζωηP66 | the | ἡ | the | η | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἡ | the | |||||
ουδεισP66 | life. | ζωή. | life. | ζωη | | | et | et | life. | ܠܐ | life. | ζωή | life. | |||||
ερχεταιP66 | No one | οὐδεὶς | No one | ουδεις | | | uita | vita | No one | ܐܢܫ | No one | οὐδεὶς | No one | |||||
προσP66 | comes | ἔρχεται | comes | ερχεται | | | nemo | Nemo | comes | ܐܬܐ | comes | ἔρχεται | comes | |||||
τοP66 | to | πρὸς | to | προς | | | uenit | venit | to | ܠܘܬ | to | πρὸς | to | |||||
πραP66 | the | τὸν | the | τον | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸν | the | |||||
ειP66 | Father | πατέρα | Father | πατερα | | | ad | ad | Father | — | — | πατέρα | Father | |||||
μηP66 | only | εἰ | only | ει | | | patrem | Patrem | only | ܐܒܝ | only | εἰ | only | |||||
διP66 | except | μὴ | except | μη | | | nisi | nisi | except | ܐܠܐ | except | μὴ | except | |||||
εμουP66 | through | δι᾽ | through | δι | | | per | per | through | ܐܢ | through | δι’ | through | |||||
ἐμοῦ.P66 | Me. | ἐμοῦ. | Me. | εμου | | | me | me | Me. | ܒܝ | Me. | ἐμοῦ | Me. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||