The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
καιP66 | And | καὶ | And | και | | | et | Et | and | ܘܒܬܪ | And | Καὶ | And | |||||
μεταP66 | after | μετὰ | after | — | | | illum | post | after | ܠܚܡܐ | after | μετὰ | after | |||||
τοP66 | the | τὸ | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | τὸ | the | |||||
ψωμιονP66 | morsel, | ψωμίον, | morsel, | — | | | — | buccellam | ? | ܗܝܕܝܢ | morsel, | ψωμίον | morsel, | |||||
τοτεP66 | then | τότε | then | — | | | introibit | introivit | ? | ܐܬܥܠܠ | then | τότε | then | |||||
εισηλθενP66 | entered | εἰσῆλθεν | entered | εισηλθεν | | | in | in | in | — | — | εἰσῆλθεν | entered | |||||
εισP66 | into | εἰς | into | εις | | | — | eum | him | ܒܗ | into | εἰς | into | |||||
εκεινονP66 | him | ἐκεῖνον | him | εκεινον | | | satanas | Satanas | ? | ܤܛܢܐ | him | ἐκεῖνον | him | |||||
οP66 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
σατανασP66 | Satan. | σατανᾶς.¶ | Satan. | σατανας | | | — | Et | and | ܘܐܡܪ | Satan. | Σατανᾶς | Satan. | |||||
λεγειP66 | Says | Λέγει | Says | λεγει | | | et | dixit | said | ܠܗ | Says | Λέγει | Says | |||||
ουνP66 | therefore | οὖν | therefore | — | | | dixit | ei | to him | ܝܫܘܥ | therefore | οὖν | therefore | |||||
αυτωP66 | to him | αὐτῷ | to him | αυτω | | | — | Jesus | Jesus | ܡܕܡ | to him | αὐτῷ | to him | |||||
οP66 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | ο | | | illi | — | — | — | — | ὁ | <the> | |||||
ισP66 | Jesus; | Ἰησοῦς· | Jesus; | — | | | ihs | Quod | which/that | — | — | Ἰησοῦς | Jesus; | |||||
οP66 | What | ὃ | What | ο | | | quod | — | — | — | — | Ὃ | What | |||||
ποιεισP66 | you enact, | ποιεῖς, | you enact, | ποιεις | | | facis | facis | ? | ܐܢܬ | you enact, | ποιεῖς | you enact, | |||||
ποιησονP66 | do enact | ποίησον | do enact | ποιης | | | fac | fac | ? | ܥܒܕ | do enact | ποίησον | do enact | |||||
ταχειονP66 | quicker. | τάχιον. | quicker. | ταχειον | | | citius | citius | ? | ܒܥܓܠ | quicker. | τάχιον | quicker. | |||||
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| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||