The Gospels across their earliest witnesses, and the tradition they carried forward
Hover any Greek or Syriac word for phonetic transliteration.
Six manuscript witness columns span the table; their descent flows into the timeline below.
| Greek Papyri | Alexandrian | Western | Latin | Syriac | Byzantine | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Earliest Papyri c. 125–250 CE · Greek TAGNT | Vaticanus c. 325 CE · Greek TAGNT | Bezae c. 400 CE · Greek Latin | Vulgate c. 400 CE · Latin Whitaker | Peshitta c. 400–450 CE · Syriac PayneSmith | Byzantine c. 5th–9th c. · Greek TAGNT | ||||||||||||
απεκριθηP45 · P66 · P75 | Answered | Ἀπεκρίθη | Answered | απεκριθη | | | respondit | Respondit | Answered | ܐܡܪ | Answered | Ἀπεκρίθη | Answered | |||||
οP45 · P66 · P75 | <the> | ὁ | <the> | — | | | habet | — | — | — | — | Ἰησοῦς | <the> | |||||
ιηP45 · P66 · P75 | Jesus; | Ἰησοῦς· | Jesus; | — | | | ihs | Jesus | Jesus; | ܠܗܘܢ | Jesus; | Οὐχὶ | Jesus; | |||||
ουχιP45 · P66 · P75 | Surely | οὐχὶ | Surely | ουχει | | | nonne | Nonne | Surely | ܝܫܘܥ | Surely | δώδεκά | Surely | |||||
δωδεκαP45 · P66 · P75 | twelve | δώδεκα | twelve | δωδεκα | | | duodecim | duodecim | twelve | ܠܐ | twelve | εἰσιν | twelve | |||||
ωραιP45 · P66 · P75 | hours | ὧραί | hours | — | | | — | sunt | hours | ܬܪܬܥܤܪܐ | hours | ὧραι | hours | |||||
εισινP45 · P66 · P75 | are there | εἰσιν | are there | — | | | horas | horæ | are there | ܫܥܝܢ | are there | τῆς | are there | |||||
τησP45 · P66 · P75 | in the | τῆς | in the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἡμέρας | in the | |||||
ημερασP45 · P66 · P75 | day? | ἡμέρας; | day? | — | | | dies | diei | day? | ܐܝܬ | day? | Ἐάν | day? | |||||
εανP45 · P66 · P75 | If | ἐάν | If | — | | | si | Si | If | ܒܝܘܡܐ | If | τις | If | |||||
τισP45 · P66 · P75 | anyone | τις | anyone | — | | | quis | quis | anyone | ܘܐܢ | anyone | περιπατῇ | anyone | |||||
ενP45 · P66 · P75 | shall walk | περιπατῇ | shall walk | — | | | ambulat | ambulaverit | shall walk | ܐܢܫ | shall walk | ἐν | shall walk | |||||
τηιP45 · P66 · P75 | in | ἐν | in | — | | | in | in | in | ܡܗܠܟ | in | τῇ | in | |||||
ημεραP45 · P66 · P75 | the | τῇ | the | — | | | — | — | — | — | — | ἡμέρᾳ | the | |||||
περιπατηP45 · P66 · P75 | day, | ἡμέρᾳ, | day, | ημερα | | | die | die | day, | ܒܐܝܡܡܐ | day, | οὐ | day, | |||||
ουP45 · P66 · P75 | not | οὐ | not | ου | | | non | non | not | ܠܐ | not | προσκόπτει | not | |||||
προσκοπτειP45 · P66 · P75 | he stumbles, | προσκόπτει, | he stumbles, | προσκοπτει | | | offendet | offendit | he stumbles, | ܡܬܬܩܠ | he stumbles, | ὅτι | he stumbles, | |||||
οτιP45 · P66 · P75 | because | ὅτι | because | οτι | | | quoniam | quia | because | ܡܛܠ | because | τὸ | because | |||||
τοP45 · P66 · P75 | the | τὸ | the | το | | | — | — | — | — | — | φῶς | the | |||||
φωσP45 · P66 · P75 | light | φῶς | light | φως | | | — | lucem | light | ܕܚܙܐ | light | τοῦ | light | |||||
τουP45 · P66 · P75 | of the | τοῦ | of the | του | | | lumen | — | — | — | — | κόσμου | of the | |||||
κοσμουP45 · P66 · P75 | world | κόσμου | world | κοσμου | | | huius | hujus | world | ܢܘܗܪܗ | world | τούτου | world | |||||
βλεπειP45 · P66 · P75 | this | τούτου | this | τουτου | | | mundi | mundi | this | ܕܥܠܡܐ | this | βλέπει | this | |||||
βλέπει.P45 · P66 · P75 | he sees. | βλέπει. | he sees. | βλεπει | | | uidet | videt | he sees. | ܗܢܐ | he sees. | βλέπει. | he sees. | |||||
| Next Verse Available | |||||||||||||||||
| See 65 Earliest Papyri | |||||||||||||||||